Study of PCL mechanism

New approach to prevent premature capacity loss of lead-acid battery in cycle use

“…In the former report [2], PCL was found to be a phenomenon due to the increase of the interfacial resistance between the grid and the PAM by the direct measurements of resistance across the interface and in the PAM. 0378 Effects of Sb addition to prevent PCL are explained by change of corrosion layer in physical and chemical characteristics.…”

“…It is well known that some valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries with antimony-free positive grid lose discharge capacity earlier than expected under certain conditions, even in a floating application [1][2][3]. This phenomenon is called "premature capacity loss (PCL)".…”

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Determination of the Internal Resistance as a Way to Estimate Lead-Acid Batteries Condition

“…This phenomenon is more frequently studied in a relation to stationary batteries because of their assumed long-term operating time (sometimes over 10 years). The PCL effect is relatively common in the VRLA batteries of AGM type [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Currently, the problem has been reduced, but as a consequence, very often that the batteries have to be exchanged more frequently, especially in key role systems.…”

Lead-acid cells with polyaniline-coated negative plates

“…Accordingly, the complete conversion of PbSO 4 at the plate surfaces cannot be achieved even with an overcharge due to the combined effects of the early evolution of H 2 and the O 2 -recombination reaction. This leads to rapid accumulation of PbSO 4 on the negative plate leading to early failure of the lead-acid battery [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”