Study of p16 promoter methylation in Egyptian colorectal cancer patients

Abstract

Many tumor‐suppressor genes contain CpG islands in their promoter regions which raised the necessity of investigating the role of methylation in silencing these genes. We examined p16 methylation as a potential biomarker in the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Using methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction method, the methylation status of p16 was investigated in the tumor tissue and blood of 65 CRC patients and blood samples from 70 healthy control individuals. Also, the relationship between p16 methylation level and the clinical‐pathological findings in CRC was evaluated. The frequency of blood p16 methylation in CRC cases was significantly higher than in control (P = 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of p16 methylation in diagnosing CRC was 55.38% and 98.5%, respectively, with 77.7% diagnostic accuracy. There was significant association between p16 methylation and age, sex, Dukes staging, lymph node involvement, and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Our study revealed that p16 promoter methylation could be considered as both potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of CRC.

Identifying Novel Biomarkers Ready for Evaluation in Low-Prevalence Populations for the Early Detection of Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…As previously mentioned, several studies evaluated mSEPT9 within diagnostic panels or in combination with other markers. Three studies in particular [ 66 , 151 , 153 ] showed the sensitivity of mSEPT9 to detect CRC increased when combined with more established markers such as FIT and CEA. The results from our review show a slightly higher sensitivity for mSEPT9 in comparison to a recent meta-analysis of 19 studies [ 165 ] though it should be noted the analysis from that review included a mixture of study designs and focused on high-risk populations.…”

Using Circulating Tumor DNA as a Novel Biomarker to Screen and Diagnose Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

“…A total of 7212 publications were queried based on our search strategy at first, and 79 eligible articles published from 2008 to 2022 were incorporated into our meta-analysis after examination of the abstract and comprehension of the full text ( Table S1 ). All included studies consisted of quantitative analysis of ctDNA concentration ( n = 11) [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] and qualitative analysis of tumor-specific gene methylation in ctDNA ( n = 67) [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , ...…”

Research progress and applications of epigenetic biomarkers in cancer

“…It functions by inhibiting the growth of tumor-killing cells (Muss et al, 2020). Several studies have indicated that hypermethylation of the p16 gene is strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (Karam et al, 2019), liver cancer (Wong et al, 1999), and lung cancer (Peng et al, 2023). Another gene involved in cancer development is glutathione S-transferase 1 (GSTP1).…”