Study of optical and structural properties of CZTS thin films grown by co-evaporation and spray pyrolysis

Enhancing the Hydrogen Evolution Properties of Kesterite Absorber by Si‐Doping in the Surface of CZTS Thin Film

“…[ 19 ] Identification of secondary phases by Raman spectra under different excitation wavelengths is considered to be a powerful tool due to the variations in the vibrational displacements which are imposed by the symmetry of the lattice. [ 19,39 ] In both the samples, the Raman spectra (≈532 nm excitation laser) (Figure 3b) show peaks at 286 and 337 cm −1 , while spectra with ≈633 nm excitation wavelength (Figure 3c) show peaks at 264, 286, 304, 337, and 367 cm −1 corresponding to the kesterite phase. [ 19,39,40 ] The Raman shifts observed at 264, 286, 304, and 337 cm −1 belong to the A symmetry mode whereas the peak at 367 cm −1 corresponds to the B symmetry mode of the kesterite phase.…”

“…[ 19,39 ] In both the samples, the Raman spectra (≈532 nm excitation laser) (Figure 3b) show peaks at 286 and 337 cm −1 , while spectra with ≈633 nm excitation wavelength (Figure 3c) show peaks at 264, 286, 304, 337, and 367 cm −1 corresponding to the kesterite phase. [ 19,39,40 ] The Raman shifts observed at 264, 286, 304, and 337 cm −1 belong to the A symmetry mode whereas the peak at 367 cm −1 corresponds to the B symmetry mode of the kesterite phase. [ 19,39,40 ] Since Cu 2 ZnSiS 4 and Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 phases show identical Raman shifts at 264, 286, 304, and 337 cm −1 , Cu 2 ZnSn x Si 1− x S 4 phase could not be distinguished from CZTS.…”

“…[ 19,39,40 ] The Raman shifts observed at 264, 286, 304, and 337 cm −1 belong to the A symmetry mode whereas the peak at 367 cm −1 corresponds to the B symmetry mode of the kesterite phase. [ 19,39,40 ] Since Cu 2 ZnSiS 4 and Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 phases show identical Raman shifts at 264, 286, 304, and 337 cm −1 , Cu 2 ZnSn x Si 1− x S 4 phase could not be distinguished from CZTS. [ 41 ] However, no sulfide phase was detected other than primary kesterite phase by Raman analysis, confirming the single kesterite phase in the samples.…”

Sulfurization temperature effects on crystallization and performance of superstrate CZTS solar cells

“…According to literature, this phase will not contribute to the PV effect and its presence reduces the photocurrent, however, it does not shows a large effect in the big recombination impact due to its wide band-gap and high resistance (Giraldo et al, 2019;Kumar et al, 2015). The Raman spectra of the samples are presented (Figs.1c to 1e) and the deconvolution of the peaks in the sample prepared without CdS shows four peaks that can be associated with a pure kesterite phase (Moreno et al, 2016). All the samples prepared with a CdS layer present a shift to a lower wavelength.…”

A Status Review on Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells

“…Eventually, the CZTS-based thin films with a bandgap of 1.5 eV were fabricated. Moreno et al used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent [52]. Thiourea is usually the source of sulfur and Cu-thiourea complex in the precursor solution is not expected, and to prevent it, the pH of the precursor solution needed to keep constant.…”