Study of Ni-V load acid-modified calcined kaolin

Abstract

Kaolin as a natural clay mineral, is commercially available at low costs

SnO2 Nanoparticle Assisted Enhanced Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance of Sulfuric Acid-Doped Porous Poly (Triphenylpyridine–Aliphatic Ethers)

“…The FTIR spectrum of SPTPAEs, as shown in Figure b, exhibits sharp bands at 1594 and 1470 cm –1 which confirms the sulfuric acid pyridine’s ring complexation that have been generated to charge delocalization on the polymer backbone , is consistent with the 1 HNMR spectrum.…”

“…Also, Figure 1a shows the unprotonated pyridine ring protons (e) displaying the signal at 8.22 ppm, at the same time in Figure 1a, sulfuric aciddoped pyridinium ring protons (f) that display the signal around 8.59 ppm were because of the de-shielded resonance effect and were assigned to the one vicinal hydrogen atom coupled with a pyridinium nucleus. 30 The FTIR spectrum of SPTPAEs, as shown in Figure 1b, exhibits sharp bands at 1594 and 1470 cm −1 which confirms the sulfuric acid pyridine's ring complexation that have been generated to charge delocalization on the polymer backbone 31,32 is consistent with the 1 HNMR spectrum. The result shows that the SnO 2 NP is highly crystalline and broadened peaks indicate the nanoscale crystallites of synthesized SnO 2 NPs.…”