Study of Modified Clay and Its Industrial Testing in Aromatic Refining

Abstract

A novel catalyst was synthesized and used to remove the trace olefins in aromatic hydrocarbons. Laboratory experiments and industrial siding tests indicated that the catalyst could improve the conversion of olefins and prolong the lifetime more than the commercial particulate clay. X-ray diffraction proved that the modification did not change the structure to active clay, N 2 adsorptionÀdesorption showed a decrease in surface area, and pyridine FTIR suggested that the intercalation of metal halides increased the amount of the total acid, especially the weak Lewis acid.

Acid properties and catalysis of USY zeolite with different extra-framework aluminum concentration

“…In order to protect the adsorbent, the bromine index which is an indicator of the presence of olefinic bonds is required to be less than 20 mg Br/100 g. Therefore, these contaminants must be removed before aromatic streams are sent to the petrochemical processes. It has been approved that these harmful impurities can be removed by acid-catalyzed alkylation of the appropriate aromatics [3][4]. In commercial plants, the purification process uses the clay treating [5] or the modified clay treatment.…”

Selection of suitable bentonite and the influence of various acids on the preparation of a special clay for the removal of trace olefins from aromatics

“…The wafer loaded into the cell was pretreated at 653 K under vacuum conditions for 2 hr and cooled to 353 K for pyridine adsorption. Then the sample was subjected to thermal desorption at 723 K to eliminate pyridine followed by the IR measurement (Tensor 27, Bruker Company) (Li et al, 2011;Luan et al, 2011). Fig.…”

“…In the present study, the most desired type of bentonite was selected among four different mineral samples by virtue of evaluating swelling index, cation exchange capacity, surface area, and suspension stability analyses. Since past studies focused on the preparation of activated clays by adding metal halides or other substances that were really elaborating works, not environmentally friendly, and cost a lot to become an industrial method (Choudhury, 2020;Li et al, 2011;Luan et al, 2011). Four different clays were chosen and the best one was consequently activated by two different acids (HCl and H 2 SO 4 ) for the elimination of olefins from a hydrocarbon mixture.…”

Direct syntheses of a promising industrial organic–inorganic hybrid silica containing methanesulphonate

“…where C L and C B are, respectively, the Lewis acid contents and Brønsted acid contents (mol g À 1 ), A L and A B are, respectively, the peak areas at 1450 cm À 1 and at 1550 cm À 1 (Jacobs et al, 1974;Li et al, 2011;Luan et al, 2011). The corresponding calculated concentrations of acid sites are summarised in Table 3.…”