Study of maternal and fetal outcome in eclampsia at Government Medical college, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Background: Eclampsia is an obstetric enigma. Eclampsia as a clinical entity has been known from times immemorial. Even today it is one of the dreaded complications. Today also eclampsia is a life-threatening emergency that continues to be a major cause of serious maternal and perinatal morbidity and it’s still the leading cause of maternal mortality in our country.Methods: Method analysis of case records of all eclampsia cases from study period of October 2013 to September 2015, a observational study.Results: The incidence of eclampsia was found to be 1.06% in GMC, Aurangabad. The number of maternal deaths of eclampsia patients was 7 out of 335 eclampsia cases. Maternal mortality in eclampsia patients was 2.08% in 2-year study, however maternal mortality in hospital was 0.23% in 2 years study and the perinatal mortality rate in eclampsia was 361 per 1000 total births. while it is 84 per 1000 total birth for total deliveries in GMC Aurangabad during study. Majority of patients i.e. 87.75% were in the age group of 16-25 years, 55.82% of total eclampsia were primigravida 57% eclampsia cases were referred from government or private hospitals, 11% booked in GMC and 32% patients were self. Antepartum eclampsia was the commonest type 82.11%. 80% patients of eclampsia were delivered vaginally and 18% underwent caesarean section ,2% instrumental deliveries. 12% of babies had birth weight 1000gm. 41% babies delivered with weight 2001 gm. Out of 264 live births 92 babies required NICU admission and 45 babies died in early neonatal period.Conclusions: With good antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care with judicious use of anti-hypertensive, anti-convulsant and battery of investigations and judicious obstetric intervention, maternal and perinatal mortality can be reduced.