Study of intraocular pressure among individuals working on computer screens for long hours

Qudsiya, Sanam Maria; Khatoon, Farisa; Khader, Aftab Abdul; Ali, Mohammed Asghar; Hazari, Mohammed Abdul Hannan; Sultana, Fareen; Farheen, Ayesha

doi:10.23921/amp.2017v1i1.263328

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Yan et al reported that accommodation could induce transient IOP elevation in those with progressing myopia [ 3 ]. Qudsiya et al showed that 4 hours of computer work results in significant IOP elevation among healthy young individuals [ 4 ]. However, the exact mechanism and associated structural modifications causing IOP increase have not been thoroughly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Kim

Park

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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PurposeTo investigate the effect of reading or writing on a smartphone in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes.DesignProspective, comparative case series.ParticipantsThirty-nine (39) healthy young (age < 40) volunteers.MethodsThe participants were requested to conduct standardized work (i.e., read a sample text on single mobile device and subsequently type it on the same device) under daylight [300 lux] and low-light [100 lux] conditions independently on consecutive days. On each day, three sets of IOP measurements (total: 7) using a rebound tonometer (iCare PRO; Tiolat, Helsinki, Finland) were performed: (1) pre-work (baseline) [2 measurements], (2) during smartphone work [5, 15, and 25 minutes], and (3) post-work [5 and 15 minutes].Main outcome measuresChanges in IOP at different check-out points.ResultsUnder the daylight condition, the mean baseline IOP was 13.7 ± 1.8 mmHg, and the mean IOP increased after 5 minutes of work (14.1 ± 1.8 mmHg; +2.0 ± 1.9%; P < 0.001). When the smartphone work lasted for 15 minutes, the IOP showed a further significant increase (15.5 ± 1.7 mmHg; +12.9 ± 4.4%; P < 0.001), which persisted over the course of the 25 minutes of smartphone work (15.3 ± 1.8 mmHg; +11.1 ± 3.9%; P < 0.001); then, after stopping work for 5 minutes, the IOP was restored (13.9 ± 1.7 mmHg; +0.9 ± 2.1%; P = 0.220). Under the low-light condition, the mean IOP was significantly increased immediately after 5 minutes of smartphone work (from 13.9 ± 1.9 to 15.6 ± 1.8 mmHg; +12.1 ± 4.8%; P < 0.001); this IOP increase continued: 17.3 ± 1.9 [+24.7 ± 10.3%] at 15 minutes’ work, and 17.0 ± 1.7 mmHg [+23.1 ± 9.5%] at 25 minutes’ work (P < 0.001 at both check-out points). Five minutes after stopping the smartphone work, interestingly, the IOP significantly dropped, to a level even lower than that of the pre-work (12.8 ± 1.9 mmHg; -8.1 ± 3.0%; P < 0.001), and at post-work 15 minutes, the IOP returned to the baseline (13.9 ± 1.8 mmHg; -0.3 ± 2.6%; P = 0.360).ConclusionsIn healthy young subjects, reading or writing on smartphone significantly increased IOP, and the changes of IOP were faster and greater under the low-light condition. Smartphone users who are concerned about IOP fluctuation are advised to (1) take a break if they read or write on smartphone for more than 5 minutes, and (2) avoid using smartphones wherever possible in dark places.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Kim

Park

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Some studies have documented an increase in intraocular pressure during prolonged use of a computer or any other digital device. [ 28 29 ] The mechanism has been postulated to be as a result of increase in accommodation resulting from increased visual demand to focus on near object while working on computer screens. During accommodation, there is protrusion of the anterior part of lens which pushes the iris forward with resultant temporary hindrance to the trabecular meshwork.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported computer vision syndrome among bank workers in Onitsha, Nigeria

Uba-Obiano

Onyiaorah

Nwosu

et al. 2022

J West Afr Coll Surg

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“…6 However, the recent literature has pointed to an increase in IOP among healthy individuals and patients with medically controlled normal tension glaucoma concurrent with reading on computer screens and smartphones. [7][8][9][10] Reading from digital screens is known to produce worse ocular asthenopic symptoms when compared with reading from printed text under similar viewing conditions. 11 It yet remains to be observed if reading from printed text and digital screens (smartphones) have varying effects on the IOP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, this IOP-lowering effect of accommodation associated with near work was found to persist even 20 minutes following cessation of the near work 6 . However, the recent literature has pointed to an increase in IOP among healthy individuals and patients with medically controlled normal tension glaucoma concurrent with reading on computer screens and smartphones 7–10 . Reading from digital screens is known to produce worse ocular asthenopic symptoms when compared with reading from printed text under similar viewing conditions 11 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular Pressure Changes While Reading Smartphone Digital Text Versus Printed Text in Healthy Individuals and those with Glaucoma

Srivastava,

Agrawal,

Amrin

et al. 2023

Journal of Glaucoma

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Précis: Reading results in rise in intra-ocular pressure (IOP) which is greater while using smartphones compared to printed text among healthy and medically controlled POAG individuals. Purpose: To compare the effect of reading for 30 minutes using smart phone and printed text on intra-ocular pressure (IOP). Patients and Methods: 60 healthy volunteers and 22 medically controlled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients were asked to perform reading tasks using printed text followed by digital (smartphone) text under standardised conditions. IOP assessment was done using rebound tonometer at baseline and subsequently at 10, 20 & 30 minutes of reading and 10 & 20 minutes post completion of reading tasks. IOP variations from baseline were measured and compared. Paired and Independent ‘T’ test analysis was performed to study IOP variations and a P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean baseline IOP among volunteers and POAG patients was 14.58 (± 2.91) and 15.02 (± 2.18) mmHg respectively. There was a rise in IOP in all participants with reading using either of the modalities which normalised after 20 minutes of cessation. There was a statistically significant difference in rise in IOP from baseline between the 2 modalities (printed text reading & smartphone reading) at 20 minutes {+0.78 & +2.01 (P=0.002)} & 30 minutes {+0.64 & +1.72 (P=0.004)} among healthy volunteers and at 20 minutes {+0.78 & +2.01 (P=0.002)} among POAG patients. Conclusion: Reading is associated with rise in IOP in both healthy volunteers and POAG individuals. The IOP rise is more marked with smartphone compared to printed text reading.

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Study of intraocular pressure among individuals working on computer screens for long hours

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Self-reported computer vision syndrome among bank workers in Onitsha, Nigeria

Intraocular Pressure Changes While Reading Smartphone Digital Text Versus Printed Text in Healthy Individuals and those with Glaucoma

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