Study of intraocular pressure among individuals working on computer screens for long hours

Qudsiya, Sanam Maria; Khatoon, Farisa; Khader, Aftab Abdul; Ali, Mohammed Asghar; Hazari, Mohammed Abdul Hannan; Sultana, Fareen; Farheen, Ayesha

doi:10.23921/amp.2017v1i1.263328

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Yan et al reported that accommodation could induce transient IOP elevation in those with progressing myopia [ 3 ]. Qudsiya et al showed that 4 hours of computer work results in significant IOP elevation among healthy young individuals [ 4 ]. However, the exact mechanism and associated structural modifications causing IOP increase have not been thoroughly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Kim

Park

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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PurposeTo investigate the effect of reading or writing on a smartphone in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes.DesignProspective, comparative case series.ParticipantsThirty-nine (39) healthy young (age < 40) volunteers.MethodsThe participants were requested to conduct standardized work (i.e., read a sample text on single mobile device and subsequently type it on the same device) under daylight [300 lux] and low-light [100 lux] conditions independently on consecutive days. On each day, three sets of IOP measurements (total: 7) using a rebound tonometer (iCare PRO; Tiolat, Helsinki, Finland) were performed: (1) pre-work (baseline) [2 measurements], (2) during smartphone work [5, 15, and 25 minutes], and (3) post-work [5 and 15 minutes].Main outcome measuresChanges in IOP at different check-out points.ResultsUnder the daylight condition, the mean baseline IOP was 13.7 ± 1.8 mmHg, and the mean IOP increased after 5 minutes of work (14.1 ± 1.8 mmHg; +2.0 ± 1.9%; P < 0.001). When the smartphone work lasted for 15 minutes, the IOP showed a further significant increase (15.5 ± 1.7 mmHg; +12.9 ± 4.4%; P < 0.001), which persisted over the course of the 25 minutes of smartphone work (15.3 ± 1.8 mmHg; +11.1 ± 3.9%; P < 0.001); then, after stopping work for 5 minutes, the IOP was restored (13.9 ± 1.7 mmHg; +0.9 ± 2.1%; P = 0.220). Under the low-light condition, the mean IOP was significantly increased immediately after 5 minutes of smartphone work (from 13.9 ± 1.9 to 15.6 ± 1.8 mmHg; +12.1 ± 4.8%; P < 0.001); this IOP increase continued: 17.3 ± 1.9 [+24.7 ± 10.3%] at 15 minutes’ work, and 17.0 ± 1.7 mmHg [+23.1 ± 9.5%] at 25 minutes’ work (P < 0.001 at both check-out points). Five minutes after stopping the smartphone work, interestingly, the IOP significantly dropped, to a level even lower than that of the pre-work (12.8 ± 1.9 mmHg; -8.1 ± 3.0%; P < 0.001), and at post-work 15 minutes, the IOP returned to the baseline (13.9 ± 1.8 mmHg; -0.3 ± 2.6%; P = 0.360).ConclusionsIn healthy young subjects, reading or writing on smartphone significantly increased IOP, and the changes of IOP were faster and greater under the low-light condition. Smartphone users who are concerned about IOP fluctuation are advised to (1) take a break if they read or write on smartphone for more than 5 minutes, and (2) avoid using smartphones wherever possible in dark places.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Kim

Park

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Some studies have documented an increase in intraocular pressure during prolonged use of a computer or any other digital device. [ 28 29 ] The mechanism has been postulated to be as a result of increase in accommodation resulting from increased visual demand to focus on near object while working on computer screens. During accommodation, there is protrusion of the anterior part of lens which pushes the iris forward with resultant temporary hindrance to the trabecular meshwork.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported Computer Vision Syndrome Among Bank Workers in Onitsha, Nigeria

Uba-Obiano

Onyiaorah

Nwosu

et al. 2022

Journal of West African College of Surgeons

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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the awareness, prevalence, and pattern of ocular problems related to computer [computer vision syndrome (CVS)] use among bank workers in Onitsha, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving bank staff in Onitsha metropolis who were selected using a simple random technique. A validated CVS questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographic characteristics, frequency and duration of computer use, eye symptoms, and preventive measures. Results: There were 150 bank staff selected: 81 (54.0%) females and 69 (46.0%) males, aged 20–49 years (mean= 33.2 ± 7.2 years). All participants used computer daily. Daily computer use was 1–16 h. Seventy-nine (53.4%) workers were aware of CVS; 127 (84.7%) used preventive measures which included anti-reflective eye glasses (12.7%) and computer screen guard (22.3%). Symptoms with computer use were reported by 103 (68.7%) participants. The prevalence of CVS was 29.3%. Headache (45.4%), itching (38.6%), photophobia (38.0%), visual blur (37.3%), and eye pains (28.0%) were the commonest symptoms. There was a trend towards CVS being commoner in female gender (P = 0.059), with prolonged computer use, and failure to use preventive measures. CVS is 6-fold more likely to occur in individuals who wear corrective lenses. Conclusion: CVS is common among the bank workers studied. Use of protective measures that minimize exposure to electromagnetic force radiation from computer screens is suggested. A computer screen guard is recommended as a minimum preventive measure for long-term computer users.

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“…The digital revolution has changed eye-use habits, causing negative consequences for ocular health. Long-term use of electronic products has been reported to increase intraocular pressure (IOP) [1,2], forcing the elongation of the optic axis, which then compresses the cornea and optic nerve. An increase in IOP is often accompanied by a variety of orbital disorders such as keratoconus or glaucoma [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injectable Hydrogel Guides Neurons Growth with Specific Directionality

Tseng

Tan

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Visual disabilities affect more than 250 million people, with 43 million suffering from irreversible blindness. The eyes are an extension of the central nervous system which cannot regenerate. Neural tissue engineering is a potential method to cure the disease. Injectability is a desirable property for tissue engineering scaffolds which can eliminate some surgical procedures and reduce possible complications and health risks. We report the development of the anisotropic structured hydrogel scaffold created by a co-injection of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) solution and co-polypeptide solution. The positively charged poly (L-lysine)-r-poly(L-glutamic acid) with 20 mol% of glutamic acid (PLLGA) is crosslinked with negatively charged CNF while promoting cellular activity from the acid nerve stimulate. We found that CNF easily aligns under shear forces from injection and is able to form hydrogel with an ordered structure. Hydrogel is mechanically strong and able to support, guide, and stimulate neurite growth. The anisotropy of our hydrogel was quantitatively determined in situ by 2D optical microscopy and 3D X-ray tomography. The effects of PLLGA:CNF blend ratios on cell viability, neurite growth, and neuronal signaling are systematically investigated in this study. We determined the optimal blend composition for stimulating directional neurite growth yielded a 16% increase in length compared with control, reaching anisotropy of 30.30% at 10°/57.58% at 30°. Using measurements of calcium signaling in vitro, we found a 2.45-fold increase vs. control. Based on our results, we conclude this novel material and unique injection method has a high potential for application in neural tissue engineering.

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Study of intraocular pressure among individuals working on computer screens for long hours

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Intraocular pressure change during reading or writing on smartphone

Self-reported Computer Vision Syndrome Among Bank Workers in Onitsha, Nigeria

Injectable Hydrogel Guides Neurons Growth with Specific Directionality

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