Study of intraglandular dissemination of thyroid cancer

Iida, Futoshi; Yonekura, Masaaki; Miyakawa, M

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(196910)24:4<764::aid-cncr2820240416>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 70 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Lymph node metastasis, as a sign of high aggressiveness, has been reported to be a risk factor for persistence/recurrence of disease and also for cancer-related mortality in many studies [29-31]. Our data show that multiple PTC correlates with higher lymph node metastasis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

BRAFV600E status and clinical characteristics in solitary and multiple papillary thyroid carcinoma: experience of 512 cases at a clinical center in China

et al. 2012

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BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most frequent endocrine malignancies. In most cases, it often presents as multifocal tumor. It has been reported that multifocal tumors are associated with elevated risk of lymph node and distant metastases. Multifocality is also one of the factors predicting prognosis. Recent studies show that BRAFV600E mutation occurs more frequently in aggressive PTC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate BRAFV600E status and clinicopathological features in multiple and solitary PTC.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study to analyze 512 PTC cases who received surgery, including 376 solitary PTCs and 136 multiple PTCs.ResultsMultiple PTC is more related to lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion than solitary PTC. However, the distant metastasis rate and 10-year survival rate showed no difference between these two groups. BRAFV600E mutation status was more frequent in multiple PTC patients with lymph node metastasis and late stage at diagnosis.ConclusionBRAFV600E mutation is most commonly associated with extra-thyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis in PTC. Multiple PTC patients with young age, large tumors and BRAFV600E mutation should be followed carefully. Our study provides useful information for PTC patients’ followup and treatment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

BRAFV600E status and clinical characteristics in solitary and multiple papillary thyroid carcinoma: experience of 512 cases at a clinical center in China

et al. 2012

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“…This is one piece of evidence that supports the appropriateness of total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy of the remaining tissue. The estimated frequency of multiplicity of thyroid tumors ranges between 18 and 87%, depending on the techniques used [24][25][26]. Multiplicity of thyroid microcarcinoma is also not uncommon compared to thyroid carcinoma, as shown in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Frequent, Aggressive Behaviors of Thyroid Microcarcinomas in Korean Patients

et al. 2006

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Abstract. The incidence of thyroid microcarcinoma is rising due to the frequent use and improvement of fine-needle aspiration biopsy and ultrasonography. Since the recent update of the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) staging system for thyroid cancer, the importance of lymph node metastasis became more prominent. In the present study, we evaluated the prognostic factors and extension of thyroid microcarcinomas in Korean patients. The clinical and pathological findings in patients with thyroid microcarcinomas in a Korean hospital from January through December 2004 were evaluated. A total of 302 (50.2%) out of 601 cases of thyroid cancers were microcarcinomas. Evaluation of the histology revealed that nearly all of the cases (300 of 302) were of the papillary type. Analyzing patients of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas, 273 (91.0%) out of 300 patients of papillary microcarcinomas were women. Seventy-eight (26.0%) cases contained multiple tumor masses (≥2), including 49 (16.3%) cases that were bilateral. There were 84 (28.0%) cases of extrathyroidal extensions and 89 cases (29.7%) of lymph node metastasis, but no cases of distant metastases. Application of the new staging system revealed 7 (2.3%) cases that changed from stage III to stage IVA. Thyroid microcarcinomas were also associated with poor prognostic factors and appear to exist at relatively higher cancer stages. Therefore, it is important to treat them as early and as vigorously as possible with extensive surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, and thyroxine suppression.

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“…Local proliferation of the tumor and ability to metastasize appear to be independent processes. Intraglandular dissemination occurs via lymphatic channels and is correlated with nodal metastasis [21,22]. It was also reported that two of three patients who developed clinically apparent nodal metastasis during follow-up showed multiple PTMC lesions [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%