Study of Inflammatory Responses to Crocidolite and Basalt Wool in the Rat Lung

Adamis, Z.; Kerényi, T; Honma, Kenji; Jäckel, Márta; Tátrai, Erzsébet; Ungváry, G

doi:10.1080/152873901300018174

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Markers of cellular permeability and damage were also augmented at most of the time points both in the amosite and in the high-dose LA groups. Increased protein in BAL fluid, likely due to increased epithelial permeability, was reported previously in rats exposed to amphibole asbestos by inhalation (Petruska et al 1991) and IT instillation (Ishihara et al 1999;Adamis et al 2001). LDH was elevated in both FIGURE 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Pulmonary Inflammatory and Fibrotic Responses in Fischer 344 Rats After Intratracheal Instillation Exposure to Libby Amphibole

Padilla-Carlin

Schladweiler

Shannahan

et al. 2011

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Increased incidences of asbestosis have been reported in workers from Libby, MT, associated with exposures to amphibole-contaminated vermiculite. In this study pulmonary and histopathological changes were investigated following Libby amphibole (LA) exposure in a rat model. Rat respirable fractions of LA and amosite (aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) were prepared by water elutriation. Male F344 rats were exposed to single doses of either saline (SAL), amosite (0.65 mg/rat), or LA (0.65 or 6.5 mg/rat) by intratracheal instillation. At times from 1 d to 3 mo after exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and right and left lungs were removed for reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and histopathological analysis, respectively. Data indicated that 0.65 mg amosite resulted in a higher degree of pulmonary injury, inflammation, and fibrotic events than LA at the same mass dose. Exposure to either amosite or high dose LA resulted in higher levels of cellular permeability and injury, inflammatory enzymes, and iron binding proteins in both BAL fluid and lung tissue at most time points when compared to SAL controls. However, mRNA expression for some growth factors (e.g., platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF]-A and transforming growth factor [TGF]-1β), which contribute to fibrosis, were downregulated at several time points. Furthermore, histopathological examination showed notable thickening of interstitial areas surrounding the alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles. On a mass dose basis, amosite produced a greater acute and persistent lung injury for at least 3 mo after exposure. However, further testing and analysis of LA are needed with regard to the dose metric to fully evaluate its potential fibrogenicity and carcinogenicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Pulmonary Inflammatory and Fibrotic Responses in Fischer 344 Rats After Intratracheal Instillation Exposure to Libby Amphibole

Padilla-Carlin

Schladweiler

Shannahan

et al. 2011

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…* P < .05 from hamster; # P < .05 from F344; § P < .05 from 6 months. TLC = total lung capacity; FRC = functional residual capacity; FEF 25 different from those of WI and LE rats and hamsters at 6 months ( Figure 2). Percentage change from controls with respect to OH-Pro was higher in all rat strains compared to hamsters (P < .05; Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…All rat strains exhibited increased TLC and FRC after asbestos exposure at 3 and 6 months, which were in contrast to the hamster. Unlike TLC and FRC, FEF 25 was dramatically decreased in all species and strains (P < .05; Table 1). Percent change from controls in FEF 25 at 3 months ranged from −85% in the F344 rat to −45% in the hamster; however, none of the differences were statistically significant among the strains or species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Of the fibers between 1 and 8 µm, the largest percentage consisted of fibers between 2 and 3 µm (∼17%), and for those fibers between 8 and 100 µm, the greatest percentage of fibers occurred within the 10-to 20-µm range (12%). Crocidolite was chosen for this investigation because of its known toxicity [23][24][25], and the association between exposure to crocidolite and asbestos-related diseases has been documented in both human occupational health and experimental studies [26].…”

Section: Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Forced expiratory flow at 25% (FEF 25 ) forced vital capacity was used as the small airway function index.…”

Section: Pulmonary Function Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of functional, biochemical, and morphometric alterations in the lungs of 4 rat strains and hamsters following repeated intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos

Padilla-Carlin

Costa

2011

Experimental Lung Research

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Four rat strains and hamsters were exposed to 0.7 mg crocidolite asbestos/g lung once/week for 3 weeks by intratracheal instillation (IT). Pulmonary function, biochemistry, and morphometry were evaluated at 3 and 6 months after IT. Each rat strain, but not the hamster, exhibited elevated lung volumes. Quasistatic compliance in rats and hamsters was reduced 15%-40% and 25%-50%, respectively. Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was elevated in the rats, but in hamsters, it was reduced at both time points. Hydroxyproline was increased in the rat strains but not in hamsters. Lung protein/dry weight was not altered in most of the rat strains and in hamsters at both time points. The linear mean intercept value was increased in Fischer 344 (F344) rats (3 and 6 months) and Long Evans rats (6 months), whereas in hamsters only at 6 months. Surface area was unchanged in both species. Specific density for parenchymal tissue was reduced for F344 rats at both time points, but alveolar density values did not change overall relative to species and time. The correlated functional and morphological changes in the hamster appeared more consistent with human asbestosis. Divergent lung responses in different species and strains should be considered when selecting laboratory animal models for studies related to asbestos exposure.

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Discontinuous Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites

Czigány

Polymer Composites

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IntroductionStructural materials are usually classified into three groups: polymers, metals, and ceramics. Their combinations are composites, which show unique properties. If the matrix has a multiphase structure or the reinforcement consists of more than one material, the resulting composite is called hybrid composite. Hybrid composites are at the peak of the pyramid in the hierarchy of structural materials due to their special properties.The large-scale and fast growing applications of polymer composites in all industrial fields are characteristic of the modern market-oriented technology and economy. The reason for this development is primarily the favorable pricelweight ratio of composites. The most rapidly developing branch is the automotive industry where traditional metals are continually being replaced by corrosion-resistant polymer composites. This yields a significant reduction in the weight of the automotive parts. Hence, fuel is saved and the impact on environment is reduced. Nowadays, the reinforcing material in polymer composites is usually glass fiber (GF, volume fraction of ca. 85%), which has good strength, ensures a relatively good adhesion to the polymer matrix, and has a low price. Carbon fiber (CF) is used in more demanding applications with special requirements (e.g., aerospace technology, aircraft industry, military applications, sports and leisure). The production expenses of CF are much higher than those of GF and the sufficient adhesion between matrix and CF is also more difficult to obtain. Recently, natural fibers are spreading: flax and

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Study of Inflammatory Responses to Crocidolite and Basalt Wool in the Rat Lung

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Pulmonary Inflammatory and Fibrotic Responses in Fischer 344 Rats After Intratracheal Instillation Exposure to Libby Amphibole

Pulmonary Inflammatory and Fibrotic Responses in Fischer 344 Rats After Intratracheal Instillation Exposure to Libby Amphibole

Comparison of functional, biochemical, and morphometric alterations in the lungs of 4 rat strains and hamsters following repeated intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos

Discontinuous Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites

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