Rapid industrialization, haphazardous urbanization, and
ruthless
burning of fossil fuel have alarmingly impacted human health and the
environment. The majority of health issues, such as asthma, cardiovascular
disease, and cancer, are primarily associated with polyaromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs), particulate matter (PM), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) heavy
metals, and other contaminants. To address these challenges, the development
of an efficient air filtration unit to remove the toxic substances
from the smoke is a necessity. The majority of the recently developed
air filters are architecturally monotonous and bulky and suffer from
a trade-off between removal effectiveness and air permeability. Herein,
we have proposed an air filter which is scalable, ultralight (∼0.0034
g), thin (∼50 μm), thermally stable (∼500 °C),
hydrophobic (contact angle 138° ± 6°), and porous (porosity
of ∼57%) with a pore size of ∼16 nm and has an effective
packing density of ∼0.64 g/cm3. The self-assembled
nanoarchitecture network (nanonetwork) air filter has a relatively
lower pressure drop (∼133.3 Pa) and can remove ∼99%,
∼99%, and ∼90% and 50% for PAHs, PM, and Ni and Cd heavy
metals, respectively. This research will be highly beneficial for
designing and developing high-performance fibrous materials for filtering
and separation applications.