Study of hydration of kaolinite and montmorillonite mixture by IR spectroscopy

Nazdracheva, Tatiana; Morozov, A. M.; Yavna, V. A.; Кочур, А.Г.

doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131871

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the current study, the observed hindrance of AMS conversion by mineral solids appeared to be somewhat more pronounced in the presence of water, even when accounting for variability in severity and conversion across other reaction systems. Minerals present in bitumen froth, including both clays like kaolinite and nonclay minerals such as rutile and calcite, can undergo hydration. − This process has the potential to alter the surface properties of these minerals and, as a result, may influence their interactions with organic matter. However, exploring the changes in mineral properties due to hydration was not within the scope of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Treatment of Oilsands Bitumen Froth at 400 °C: Influence of Minerals and Water on Hydrogen Transfer, Cracking, and Addition Reactions

Bassane,

de Klerk

2024

Energy Fuels

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Following prior evidence that water and mineral solids influenced the physicochemical properties of the products derived from the visbreaking of bitumen froth at 400 °C, the present study aimed to explore the effect of water and minerals on the reaction chemistry taking place during the thermal conversion of froth. The current study investigated the relative impact of water and mineral solids on hydrogen transfer, cracking, and addition reactions during the thermal treatment of froth at 400 °C. α-Methylstyrene (AMS) was employed as a probe molecule, and selected chemical species identified in the feed and thermally converted products were monitored. Water had a major effect on suppressing the conversion of AMS, whereas the hindrance of AMS conversion by mineral solids seemed to be minor. Substantial evidence of hydrogen and methyl transfer, hydration, and addition reactions was observed through the formation of specific AMS-derived products. The potential free radical and cationic pathways for the conversion of AMS were evaluated based on the product composition of the different reaction systems. There was an indication that the availability of hydrogen donors also influenced the conversion pathways of AMS. Both water and mineral solids favored the extent of hydrogen transfer during the treatment. However, their specific effect on promoting transfer hydrogenation could not be determined. AMS was not a good probe for cracking under the conditions of this study. Evidence of hydration was observed in the water-containing systems. The presence of water suppressed the formation of addition products, resulting in an overall formation of these products that was half of that observed in the absence of water. The presence of minerals during the treatment seemed to have a minor impact on the selectivity profile of addition products, although it had no apparent influence on the overall formation of these products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Treatment of Oilsands Bitumen Froth at 400 °C: Influence of Minerals and Water on Hydrogen Transfer, Cracking, and Addition Reactions

Bassane,

de Klerk

2024

Energy Fuels

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“…The IR-ATR-FEDS spectra of bentonite–tClVS and kaolinite–tClVS in the selected analysis region are shown in Figure 1 C and Figure 1 D, respectively. In general, in both spectra the presence of typical signals of aluminosilicates were observed, which differ in intensity because of the structural differences between bentonite and kaolinite, which alter their ability to interact and absorb water molecules [ 31 ]. At ~3682 and ~3621 cm −1 , the tension vibration signals of hydroxyls from silanol groups and clays were identified, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposite Hydrogels Based on Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) under Very-High Concentration Regimen of Clays (Bentonite and Kaolinite)

Lerma,

Combatt,

Palencia

2024

Gels

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The aim of this work was to synthesize and study the functional properties of polymer-clay nanocomposite (PCNCs) based on poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (NaPSS) and two types of clay in the dispersed phase: bentonite and kaolinite, in order to advance in the development of new geomimetic materials for agricultural and environmental applications. In this study, the effect of adding high concentrations of clay (10–20 wt. %) on the structural and functional properties of a polymer–clay nanocomposite was evaluated. The characterization by infrared spectroscopy made it possible to show that the PCNCs had a hybrid nature structure through the identification of typical vibration bands of the clay matrix and NaPSS. In addition, scanning electron microscopy allowed us to verify its hybrid composition and an amorphous particle-like morphology. The thermal characterization showed degradation temperatures higher than ~300 °C with Tg values higher than 100 °C and variables depending on the clay contents. In addition, the PCNCs showed a high water-retention capacity (>2900%) and cation exchange capacity (>112 meq/100 g). Finally, the results demonstrated the ability of geomimetic conditioners to mimic the structure and functional properties of soils, suggesting their potential application in improving soil quality for plant growth.

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“…Another possible interaction of water and kaolinite that might have resulted in decreased conversion and reaction rates is the hydration of kaolinite. 83 This process has the potential to modify the surface properties of kaolinite, which could subsequently impact its interaction with organic matter.…”

Section: Effect Of Kaolinite + Water On Ams Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Water and Kaolinite on the Conversion Rate and Reaction Pathways during Thermal Conversion of α-Methylstyrene at 400 °C

P Bassane,

de Klerk

2024

Energy Fuels

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Research examining the impact of water and mineral matter on the thermal conversion of crude oil has indicated that retaining these components during treatment affects cracking, hydrogen transfer, and addition reactions. However, the complex nature of a reaction medium containing crude oil poses a challenge in relating the influence of water and minerals to particular reaction pathways. To enhance understanding of the specific contributions of water and minerals to reaction chemistry during thermal conversion, a practical approach is to make use of simpler model systems to capture relevant information for petroleum processing. The current study explored the impact of water and kaolinite on the reaction rates and pathways during the thermal conversion of a model system comprising αmethylstyrene (AMS), tetralin, and n-pentadecane at 400 °C for 1, 5, 10, and 30 min. The effect of kaolinite at different concentrations was also compared to that of rutile and quartz during the conversion of AMS alone. Water and kaolinite, individually and collectively, affected the reaction rates. Water suppressed the AMS conversion rates, but no evidence was found that water affected reaction pathways. Kaolinite increased the conversion rates of both AMS and tetralin, while also enhancing the formation rates of cumene and naphthalene. This suggested that kaolinite somehow favored hydrogen transfer during the treatment. The presence of kaolinite also increased the formation rates of benzene by dealkylation and the tricyclic AMS dimer 1,1,3-trimethyl-3-phenyl indane, indicating that kaolinite was catalytically active, influencing reaction pathways by promoting cationic conversion. The adsorption of water on the surface of kaolinite appeared to contribute to reduced reaction rates when reacting AMS in the presence of both water and kaolinite. The deposition of carbonaceous material on kaolinite suggested that the mineral is rapidly fouled during the conversion.

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Study of hydration of kaolinite and montmorillonite mixture by IR spectroscopy

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Hydrothermal Treatment of Oilsands Bitumen Froth at 400 °C: Influence of Minerals and Water on Hydrogen Transfer, Cracking, and Addition Reactions

Hydrothermal Treatment of Oilsands Bitumen Froth at 400 °C: Influence of Minerals and Water on Hydrogen Transfer, Cracking, and Addition Reactions

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposite Hydrogels Based on Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) under Very-High Concentration Regimen of Clays (Bentonite and Kaolinite)

Role of Water and Kaolinite on the Conversion Rate and Reaction Pathways during Thermal Conversion of α-Methylstyrene at 400 °C

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