Study of gas–liquid jet boundaries in a gas–solid fluidized bed

Berruti, Franco; Dawe, Matthew; Briens, Cédric

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2009.01.005

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Both types of nozzles were developed Portoghese et al14 The spray nozzle was located 0.6 m above the fluidization gas distributor and protruded into the bed for 0.05 m from the wall. Past studies showed that the spray jet did not interact with the column walls 15 …”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of the liquid feed distribution in gas‐solid fluidized beds by nozzle pulsations (induced by solenoid valve)

et al. 2011

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In this work, it was found that spray nozzles pulsations greatly improved the liquid feed spray distribution on fluidized bed particles. Pulsating a spray nozzle doubled its nozzle performance index at various operating conditions. The objective of this study was to impose fluctuations of well‐defined frequency and amplitude on the liquid spray to investigate potentially beneficial effects of fluctuations on the liquid feed distribution on the particles in the fluidized bed. Three sets of experiments were conducted to study the quality of the spray jet‐bed interaction using a conductance probe method. The jet penetration for each experiment was calculated theoretically. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011

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Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of the liquid feed distribution in gas‐solid fluidized beds by nozzle pulsations (induced by solenoid valve)

et al. 2011

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“…The tribo-electrification is defined as a process of charge exchange between a metal surface and the particle on which a moving particle comes into contact and friction takes place. [98] The polarity and strength of the charge is considerably affected by the type of material, surface roughness, temperature, strain, and other…”

Section: Electrostatic Sensor Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16] A triboelectric current can arise from this charge transfer, namely triboelectric effect or triboelectric charging, when the metal surface is grounded. [98] Intensity and fluctuations of the tribo-electric current generated are affected by several parameters, including the concentration of particulate material, size, surface roughness, as well as the velocity of the moving particles, geometric characteristics of the particle-metal surface collisions, material work function and eventual preexisting charge, and the moisture content of particles. [99] Thus, the triboelectric probe can be effectively applied in the dryer for identifying the particle moisture and the fluidization regime.…”

Section: Electrostatic Sensor Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrostatic sensor technology has several benefits, including accuracy, high temperature tolerance, lab-scale or commercial-scale application, quick measurement, [110] simplicity, sensitivity, low cost, and suitability for qualitative measurements. However, this technique can only be applied to control the final period of the drying process and detect the end-point of the drying process due to its acceptable sensitivity in the low moisture content range.…”

Section: Electrostatic Sensor Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Developments in Smart Drying Technology

Zhang

Mujumdar

2014

Drying Technology

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With advances in computer, control and sensing technologies it is now possible to design smart dryers at least for certain products. In this paper, a generalized definition of smart (or intelligent) drying technology is proposed and discussed. Recent development in smart drying technology for fresh foods is reviewed briefly. Such technology can be cost effective in detecting and monitoring various food quality parameters which vary with time of the drying process, thus controlling the conditions of drying and producing high quality products. Some important categories of smart drying technology are listed and discussed; these include: biomimetic systems, computer vision technology, microwave dielectric spectroscopy, near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonic techniques, electrostatic sensor technology and control systems for drying environment. Several latest applications of these smart drying technologies are analyzed. Key factors leading to success of smart drying technologies Downloaded by [Monash University Library] at 13:37 04 December 2014 2 are discussed. Developments, challenges, and applications, which represent a major step toward development of drying technology, are presented.

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“…Previous investigations of jets in 3D beds have used pressure signal analysis (Vaccaro et al, 1997), optical probes (Wen et al, 1981, Blake et al, 1990, triboelectric probes (John et al, 1980;Berruti et al, 2009) and thermal tracer methods (Berruti et al, 2009, McMillan et al, 2005, Zhu et al, 2000. These methods are easy to use in large-scale, opaque industrial systems, but require the use of probes that distort the jet flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of magnetic resonance, X-ray and positron emission particle tracking measurements of a single jet of gas entering a bed of particles

Pore

Ong

Boyce

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering Science

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Magnetic resonance, PEPT and X-ray radiography were used complementarily. Length of jet of gas entering bed of Group B particles via 2 mm id orifice measured. Lengths were in good agreement for orifice velocities 50-100 m/s. Technique developed to use PEPT measurements to quantify jet length. a b s t r a c tMeasurements of the lengths of a single jet of gas entering a packed bed were made using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) and X-ray radiography and the results compared. The experiments were performed using a Perspex bed (50 mm i.d.) of poppy seeds: air at 298 K was admitted to the base of the bed through a single, central orifice, 2 mm in diameter. Poppy seeds (Geldart Group B, measured minimum fluidisation velocity with air at 298 K and 1 atm of 0.13 m/s and particle density $ 1060 kg/m 3 ) were used because of their high content of oil, which contains mobile protons and hence is suitable for MRI examination. The lengths of jet measured using the three techniques were in agreement between 50 m/s o U o o 100 m/s, where U o is the superficial velocity through the orifice. Below U o ¼50 m/s, X-ray measurements of jet lengths were shorter than those measured using MRI. This was attributed to the minimum diameter of void, found to be 5 mm, detectable in a 50 mm bed using ultra-fast X-ray measurements. PEPT is most commonly used to calculate particle velocities, whilst jet lengths are usually calculated from determinations of voidage. However, the particle locations determined in this work by PEPT were used to calculate a fractional occupancy count, from which a jet length could be inferred.

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Study of gas–liquid jet boundaries in a gas–solid fluidized bed

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Enhancement of the liquid feed distribution in gas‐solid fluidized beds by nozzle pulsations (induced by solenoid valve)

Enhancement of the liquid feed distribution in gas‐solid fluidized beds by nozzle pulsations (induced by solenoid valve)

Recent Developments in Smart Drying Technology

A comparison of magnetic resonance, X-ray and positron emission particle tracking measurements of a single jet of gas entering a bed of particles

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