Study of Five Discrete‐Interval‐Type Ground Water Sampling Devices

Abstract

Five relatively newly developed groundwater-sampling devices (the Kabis, HydraSleeve, Discrete Interval, Pneumc-Bailer, and USGS Passive Diffusion Bag [PDB] samplers) were tested to determine their ability to recover representative concentrations of a variety of analytes, including volatile organics, explosives, pesticides, and metals. The first phase of the study included several standpipe experiments with known concentrations of analytes. In the second phase, the devices were used in the field to sample TCE from a deep well and were compared with samples taken using lowflow sampling.We found that the PDB sampler was the easiest device to use but should be used only for selected VOCs. The HydraSleeve and the Kabis Sampler are thief-type samplers that were also relatively easy to use. Although these devices could produce representative concentrations of explosives, pesticides, and metals in the standpipe experiments, they elevated the turbidity in our monitoring well. Therefore, we would recommend that their use be limited to wells where the turbidity is not affected by their use, especially if sampling for metals or the more hydrophobic organic

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“…The approach requires wells with a sufficiently large diameter, a certain permeability of the aquifer, and the separate measurement of hydraulic heads at different depths to confirm the hydraulic separation. Five other techniques have been described by Parker and Clark (2004). Horizontal wells are another sampling technique sometimes used in groundwater monitoring studies for collecting samples from a relatively narrow depth interval.…”

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“…Results showed that wells containing LNAPLs were not suited to be sampled using this method and that SVOC concentrations were on average 17% higher than low-flow samples and 150% higher than samples collected using a bottom loading bailer. Parker and Clark (2002) compared the HydraSleve TM to four other discrete interval samplers and found it yielded representative samples of pesticides, explosives and metals, although the authors recommend that it be used only in low turbidity wells.…”