Study of electrical and dielectric properties of palladium-phthalocyanine (PdPc) in pellet form

Timoumi, A.; Bouguila, N.; Koaib, J.; Turkestani, M. K. Al; Jamoussi, Bassem

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab059f

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The AC conductivity response of phthalocyanine has been thoroughly investigated to understand the distribution of the electric field intensity and the perturbations driven once the system is subjected to an electric field. 28 , 53 In this study, the AC conductivity properties and charge transport mechanism were studied on the PdPc(Imz) 4 pellet in the frequency and temperature ranges of 1–10 MHz and 503–553 K, respectively ( Figure 14 ). The AC electrical conductivity can be computed in accordance with the empirical relation where Z ′ and Z ″ are, respectively, the real and the imaginary parts of the complex impedance, and e and σ represent, respectively, the thickness and the area of the pellet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature dependence of the exponent factor ( s ) for values less than unity is attributed to the short-distance charge hopping between the localized states. Various theoretical models for hopping were suggested under the applied AC field to elucidate the conduction mechanisms in materials, such as the quantum mechanical tunneling (QMT) model, the correlated barrier hopping (CBH), , the nonoverlapping small polarons (NSPT) model, and the overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) model. , The temperature dependence of the extracted ( s ) values for the Ag/PdPc(Imz) 4 /Ag structure is shown in Figure . Among the proposed models, the present study showed that the exponent ( s ) values decrease with the increase of temperature and σ ac increases with the increasing frequency (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, we characterized PdPc and its derivatives deposited in the form of thin layers by vacuum evaporation and obtained encouraging results. 26 − 28 However, there is insufficient literature regarding the study of imidazole PdPc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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In this study, we investigated the potential of palladium tetrakis (imidazole) phthalocyanine (PdPc(Imz) 4 ) for use as an organic semiconductor for improving the photovoltaic performance. In order to get more information about the prevailing model of the conduction mechanism (correlated barrier hopping (CBH)) for PdPc(Imz) 4 , electrical impedance measurements were performed at different temperatures and the obtained data were simulated by the Kohlraush Williams Watt (KWW) approach. Theoretical studies (density functional theory (DFT)) were performed and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps were also extracted to understand the relationship between the molecular structures and the molecular electronic structure of PdPc(Imz) 4 and its semiconductor properties. Furthermore, studies on the AC electrical process as a function of temperature highlighted a hopping charge transport according to an equivalent electrical circuit composed of a parallel constant-phase element (CPE), capacitance in the grain boundary layer ( C g ), and resistance of the grain boundary ( R g ). To improve interpretation of the results, an in-depth analysis of the behavior of the electric transport was conducted. As a result, the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) conduction mechanism was shown to be the most suitable predominant conduction mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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“…Currently, much work is interested in electrical and dielectric properties of materials [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Nyquist plots are commonly used for characterizing electrical and dielectric properties of semiconductors’ materials [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ], so we constructed Nyquist plots for our In 2 S 3 powder samples. Doping is one of the approaches used to minimize electrical resistivity [ 37 ]; therefore, to study the dopant effects on the dielectric behavior of the In 2 S 3 samples, we used impedance spectroscopy (IS).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Dielectric Properties of Ni-Doped In2S3 Powders for Optical Windows in Thin Film Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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This paper reports the effect of Nickel (Ni) on indium sulfide (In2S3) powder. This work presents a systematic study of the physical and dielectric properties of In2-xS3Nix powders with 0, 2, 4, and 6 at.% of nickel. Doped and undoped samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and impedance spectroscopy. XRD patterns revealed that each In2-xS3Nix composition was crystalline, which was also confirmed by the FTIR results. The presence of Ni in the samples was confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The Raman studies show different peaks related to the In2S3 phase and do not reveal any secondary phases of In–Ni and Ni–S. The SEM images of the undoped and Ni-doped In2S3 samples indicated a correlation between dopant content and the surface roughness and porosity of the samples. The impedance analysis indicated semiconductor behavior present in all samples, as well as a decrease in resistance with increasing Ni content. This work opens up the possibility of tailoring the properties and integrating Ni-doped In2S3 nanocomposites as thin film layers in future solar cells.

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“…Supported by this information, we report the optical study of PdPc(Im) 4 that renders features for core system advantages for the applications in photovoltaic devices. In our previous work, we have studied PdPc in thin-film and pellet form [ 37 , 38 ]. A few other references have been reported on the fabrication and characterization of MPc thin films [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Optical Properties of Tetra(Imidazole) of Palladium (II) Phthalocyanine

et al. 2022

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In this work, the optical properties of tetra(imidazole) of palladium phthalocyanine (PdPc(Im)4) in solution form and thin films on glass and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates were investigated via the thermal evaporation technique. The optical band gap was evaluated by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The energy band gap values were determined based on the Tauc graph. In addition, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) was used to simulate the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the (PdPc(Im)4) molecule in the Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) solution phase. A good correlation was found between the DFT results and the experimental optical results. The band gap values between the experimental and DFT-simulated values are presented. The energy band gap of (PdPc(Im)4) obtained from the DFT calculations showed that it can be efficiently regulated. Frontier molecular orbitals and molecular electrostatic potentials were also proposed in this work. The surface study of the layers deposited on FTO was considered by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results demonstrated good homogeneity covering the entire surface. The SEM image showed a homogeneous distribution of the grains with some spherical or rod-shaped structures and no agglomeration structures. This work rendered a strategy for regulating the energy band gap and compared the experimental observations obtained with theoretical studies, which provides a fundamental insight into the optical band for optoelectronic and thin-film solar cells.

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Study of electrical and dielectric properties of palladium-phthalocyanine (PdPc) in pellet form

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

Physical and Dielectric Properties of Ni-Doped In2S3 Powders for Optical Windows in Thin Film Solar Cells

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Optical Properties of Tetra(Imidazole) of Palladium (II) Phthalocyanine

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