Study of electric-field-induced phase transitions in [111] oriented 0.955Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.045PbTiO3 single crystals

Picturing the elephant: Giant piezoelectric activity and the monoclinic phases of relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals

“…After field cooling (poling) of PZN-4.5PT along the [101] C direction, and upon reheating under zero bias, Renault and coworkers observe the same intermediate orthorhombic phase, again stable over a large temperature range (around 20°C) [191]. Interestingly, in the [111] C -poled sample, they also see evidence for an intermediate orthorhombic phase upon heating (as observed by Shen and coworkers [142]) although it is only stable over a small range of temperatures (around 5°C). Most importantly, the transition temperatures observed are quite different in the [111] C -and [101] C -poled samples; notably, the rhombohedral phase is stable to much higher temperatures in the [111] C -poled crystal [191].…”

“…Since 1997, a huge amount of work has gone into ascertaining the ferroelectric phases occurring in PMN-xPT and PZN-xPT of varying MPB compositions based mainly on high resolution X-ray or neutron diffraction [14,53,54,123,124,[134][135][136][137][138], optical (polarized light) microscopy [58,61,[139][140][141] and bulk dielectric, pyroelectric and calorimetric measurements [142][143][144][145][146][147][148]. Indeed, further interest has also been rekindled in the PZT phase diagram, especially in the phases found at low temperature where octahedral tilting becomes prevalent [149].…”