Study of Effect of Different Factors in Formulation of Micro and Nanospheres with Solvent Evaporation Technique

Subedi, Gunjan; Shrestha, Ashwinee Kumar; Shakya, Shailendra

doi:10.2174/1874844901603010182

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In this case, when the stirring rate is higher, a finer dispersion of the microparticles was formed, and the diminution of the particles' size leads to the drug release increase. The phenomenon is considered as normal because when the microparticles size decreased, the surface contact of microparticles with the release medium increased, and so the drug is rapidly dissolved and released …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of some process parameters on the niflumic acid controlled release polymeric microspheres: Optimization using designs of experiments

Assas

Elbahri²,

Baitiche

et al. 2019

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Microparticles charged by niflumic acid and based on cellulose derivatives as polymeric matrices, that is, ethylcellulose (EC) and mixtures of EC and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), were elaborated using microencapsulation by emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. The niflumic acid is considered as a poorly water soluble drug, so the main objective of the paper is to use designs of experiment in order to prepare new solid formulations with a large range of size for the drug dissolution enhancement. The possible drug-polymer interaction was investigated by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetric analysis. Some of the process variables, namely, the stirring speed of emulsion, the emulsifier concentration, and the EC:HPMC ratio, were selected and varied. Their main and interactive effects on the microparticles' characteristics were obviously evaluated and discussed using Minitab software 16.1. The obtained microparticles' size (d 10 ) ranged from 196 to 796 μm, and the drug entrapment reached 45% in some formulations. The drug dissolution results showed that the Higuchi's release constant varied from 0.011 to 0.067 min −1/2 and was enhanced especially when the HPMC concentration was increased.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of some process parameters on the niflumic acid controlled release polymeric microspheres: Optimization using designs of experiments

Assas

Elbahri²,

Baitiche

et al. 2019

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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“…The 2-ABZT loaded microspheres were prepared by the (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method. 24 The preparation was realized by varying the parameters, i.e., the matrix type (EC or CAB), polymer/solvent ratio (polymer concentration in dichloromethane, 3, 5 and 6 wt. %), stirring speed and blades number (six and four-blade turbine impellers).…”

Section: Preparation Of Cellulose Derivatives Microspheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These systems provide a pH-dependent drug release mechanism. [20][21][22] In drug microencapsulation, [23][24][25] the most used class of hydrophobic polymers is cellulose derivatives including ethyl cellulose (EC) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) for a prolonged release. 26 Jelvehgari et al have shown that CAB formulations exhibit enough buoyancy to reside in the stomach over a prolonged and slower drug release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, EC and CAB microspheres loaded with 2-ABZT were prepared by microencapsulation using the simple emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. 24 Then, to optimize the experimental formulation parameters, the matrix type, polymer concentration, blade number and stirring speed were varied and their effect on the microspheres size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficiency and the kinetic release profiles investigated. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro release study of 2-aminobenzothiazole from microspheres as drug carriers

et al. 2020

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The aim of the present study was the preparation of 2-aminobenzothiazole-loaded microspheres based on cellulose derivatives for controlled and prolonged release. Micro-encapsulation by the simple emulsion (O/W) solvent evaporation method was performed to prepare these formulations using two cellulose derivatives as matrices: ethyl cellulose (EC) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). Optimization of the experimental parameters, such as the polymer/solvent ratio, the matrix type, stirring speed and the number of blades, was performed to obtain a high encapsulation efficiency of the drug. The effect of the selected parameters on microsphere characteristics, as well as the release rate was investigated. SEM images show that the obtained microparticles were spherical in shape. The effective entrapment of 2-amino-benzothiazole (2-ABZT) in the microspheres was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and XRD diffraction analysis. The encapsulation efficiency was improved when the polymer concentration increased reaching 89 %. Microspheres in the size range of 61-278 µm with EC and close to 113 µm with CAB were obtained by varying the process conditions. The in vitro release kinetics of the cation of 2-ABZT were established at 37 °C in simulated gastric medium pH 1.2 and the obtained data were analyzed according to the Fick law. The results showed that the surface morphology and encapsulation efficiency of the microspheres depended strongly on the polymer/solvent ratio and the release rate could be controlled by adjusting the process conditions.

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“…Size is one of the most important factors that should be considered in the design and development of this system as size affects the interaction with the biological system, entry of the drug and drug release. Another important parameter is the entrapment efficiency (EE) which in turn related to the productivity of the pharmaceutical system [13]. The extract loaded ethyl cellulose microspheres were prepared successfully by o/w emulsion solvent evaporation method.…”

Section: Formulation Of Microspheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Novel Herbal Formulation (Polymeric Microspheres) of Syzygium Cumini Seed Extract

Biswas

Sen²

2018

Int J App Pharm

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Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to develop and characterize a novel herbal formulation (polymeric microspheres) of Syzygium cumini seed extract.Methods: The extract-loaded microspheres using biological macromolecule ethyl cellulose (EC) was prepared by o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsifier. The effect of various process and formulation variables (stirring speed, evaporation time, drug/polymer ratio and organic/aqueous phase ratio) on the properties of microspheres was evaluated.Results: Micromeritic properties indicated good flow properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the spherical nature of the prepared microspheres. The particle size and entrapment efficiency were varied between 34.25 to 176.25 µm and 10.51 to 42% depending upon the variables. All the formulations showed minimal drug release in an acidic environment (pH 1.2) confirming the prevention of drug release in the stomach and enteric nature of the polymer. Sustained drug release has been observed in alkaline dissolution media (pH 7.4) after 12 h of drug release study except for formulation F7 which contains a lower concentration of polymer. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicated the compatibility of the extract with the polymer. The absence of extract-polymer interaction was indicated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram. x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the extract in the microspheres which in pure form exhibits a crystalline structure.Conclusion: The findings of this present study suggest that microsphere formulation was a promising carrier for novel delivery of herbal drugs.

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Study of Effect of Different Factors in Formulation of Micro and Nanospheres with Solvent Evaporation Technique

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of some process parameters on the niflumic acid controlled release polymeric microspheres: Optimization using designs of experiments

Effects of some process parameters on the niflumic acid controlled release polymeric microspheres: Optimization using designs of experiments

In vitro release study of 2-aminobenzothiazole from microspheres as drug carriers

Development and Characterization of Novel Herbal Formulation (Polymeric Microspheres) of Syzygium Cumini Seed Extract

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