Study of dual Z-scheme photocatalytic response of TiO2/Ag/ZnO coating on plasma-modified cotton fabric for self-cleaning application

Abstract

An innovative approach was adopted to improve the photocatalytic response of nanoparticle-coated cotton fabric for self-cleaning application. Fabrics with layers of TiO2, Ag, and ZnO nanoparticles were assessed for photodegradation of Rhodamine B, methyl orange, and methyl red. A dual-scheme charge transfer method was designed for the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Ag/ZnO nanoparticles on cotton fabric. To produce the multilayer structure of nanoparticles, the fabric was first functionalized with atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasma and then sonochemically coated with TiO2/Ag/ZnO in a layered form. The plasma functionalization enhanced the stability of TiO2/Ag/ZnO nanoparticles on the fabric. It was revealed that a combination of Ag, TiO2, and ZnO nanoparticles produced a Schottky barrier among the silver metal and metal oxides (TiO2 and ZnO), resulting in enhanced photocatalytic properties. Methyl red underwent the highest photocatalytic degradation of 93% over the designed photocatalyst-coated fabric after 120 min of light exposure. This study provides a promising strategy for improving the photocatalytic self-cleaning efficacy of nanocoated fabrics.

Photocatalytic degradation properties

“…Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are commonly used photocatalysts due to their stability, efficiency, and non-toxic nature. They are suitable for photocatalytic applications due to their broad bandgap, especially when subjected to ultraviolet (UV) light [2]. However, advancements in photocatalytic materials and technologies have expanded the range of light sources to include visible light, making the process more practical and applicable in various settings.…”

“…These nanoparticles are commonly employed in the textile industry for various purposes such as self-cleaning, UV protection, and antibacterial properties. By harnessing their photocatalytic abilities, these nanoparticles facilitate the degradation of dyes present in water, thus aiding in water purification processes [1,2]. This multifunctional approach not only removes dyes but also provides additional benefits such as microbial control and UV protection, making it a versatile solution for water treatment and environmental remediation [10].…”

“…This multifunctional approach not only removes dyes but also provides additional benefits such as microbial control and UV protection, making it a versatile solution for water treatment and environmental remediation [10]. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has undergone a significant change in the last ten years, especially in the application of titania in its anatase form [1,2]. The majority of the applications for this photocatalyst were moderate oxidation processes in gaseous or liquid organic phases.…”

“…The majority of the applications for this photocatalyst were moderate oxidation processes in gaseous or liquid organic phases. But in more recent times, there has been a shift towards using it for the complete oxidation and breakdown of different organic chemicals and contaminants, especially in situations with humid air or water [1,2,11].…”