Microwire composites possess a wide range of functionalities that can be actively manipulated by magnetic field/stress stimuli or hybridization. Beyond those strategies, here we focus on programming microwave response by designing the wire functional units and assembling them in a specific arrangement. The programming was based on a code type defined by structural relaxation and electromagnetic damping and on a code pattern by wave attenuation, effective conductivity and near-field interaction effects. Structural relaxation was achieved by current annealing the wires, which was reflected in changes in Curie temperature, structural, magnetic and electrical properties. The wave propagation mapped by the transmission coefficient was manipulated by the wire concentration and periodicity and by arrangement of as-cast and annealed wires in their array. Increasing the wire concentration blueshifted the transmission band of the wire composites due to larger conductivity, while decreasing the wire periodicity redshifted the band owing to stronger inter-wire coupling. A larger blueshift was obtained by alternating as-cast and annealed wires due to an overlapped flow closure of fields from the same type of wire in the array. Our strategy demonstrates that macroscopic properties of wire composites can be effectively programmed from a material structure/unit arrangement perspective. This concept promotes deeper understanding of high-frequency properties and further expands the applications of fiber-reinforced composites in fields such as information, energy and security technologies.