Study of Contrast-to-Noise Ratio performance of a Medipix3RX CdTe detector for low dose mammography imaging

Roque, Gerardo; Ávila, C.; Pérez-Lara, Maria L.; Mendoza, L M; Procz, S.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2020.165000

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…60 kV with 3 to 10 mm aluminum filtration) CdTe PCDs can provide superior low‐frequency DQE for average breast thicknesses while for thick breasts CdTe PCDs showed superior DQE across all spatial frequencies. Roque et al 12 . compared the Medipix3RX CdTe PCD with an amorphous selenium ( a ‐Se) EID in terms of the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) of micro‐calcifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The detective quantum efficiency of cadmium telluride photon‐counting x‐ray detectors in breast imaging applications

Day

Tanguay

2021

Medical Physics

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Purpose In breast imaging applications, cadmium telluride (CdTe) photon counting x‐ray detectors (PCDs) may reduce radiation dose and enable single‐shot multi‐energy x‐ray imaging. The purpose of this work is to determine the upper limits of the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of CdTe PCDs for x‐ray mammography and to compare them with the published DQEs of energy‐integrating detectors (EIDs) and other PCDs. Methods We calibrated and validated a Monte Carlo (MC) model of the DQE of CdTe PCDs using an XCounter CdTe PCD. Our model accounted for charge sharing, electronic noise, and charge summation logic. We used a 28 kVp Mo/Mo spectrum hardened by 3.9 cm of Lucite to optimize the detector thickness and energy threshold for pixel sizes of 50, 85, and 100 μ${{\mu}}$m with and without inter‐pixel charge summation logic. The figure of merit used for optimization was the integral of the DQE, which is equivalent to the detectability index for a delta function task function, which represents a high‐frequency task. Results For an electronic noise level equal to that of the XCounter, the optimal DQE(0) without charge summing was 0.74. Charge summing for charge‐sharing correction reduced DQE(0) by 14% due to an increase in electronic noise. Reducing the electronic noise to ∼0.5 keV per pixel in combination with charge summing resulted in DQE(0) ≈$ \approx $0.78 for 85 μ${{\mu}}$m pixels, which is approximately equal to that of a‐Se and slot‐scanning silicon‐strip PCDs. At higher spatial frequencies, and for matched pixel sizes, the DQE was inferior to that of a‐Se EIDs and superior to that of slot‐scanning silicon‐strip PCDs in the scan direction but inferior in the slit direction. Conclusions (1) CdTe PCDs have the potential to provide a zero‐frequency DQE equal to that of a‐Se EIDs and slot‐scanning silicon‐strip PCDs, but this will require electronic noise levels ∼0.5 keV per pixel. (2) At mid‐to‐high spatial frequencies the DQE of CdTe PCDs may be (a) inferior to that of a‐Se EIDs and slot‐scanning silicon‐strip PCDs in the slit direction, and (b) superior to slot‐scanning silicon‐strip PCDs in the scan direction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The detective quantum efficiency of cadmium telluride photon‐counting x‐ray detectors in breast imaging applications

Day

Tanguay

2021

Medical Physics

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“…The raw image of each region with Al 2 O 3 specks was taken with an ESD of 4 mGy, which is a typical dose used in a clinical mammogram, details about the measurement of the dose are found in reference [43]. A flat field image was also taken using the PMMA block without the wax layer containing the emulated breast lesion features, and all other parts of the setup being identical, except for a factor of 21 higher delivered dose to have the raw image as the dominant contribution to the statistical uncertainties of the final flat-field corrected image, which was obtained identically as it was done for the simulation images (taking the pixel-to-pixel ratio of the raw to the flat field image).…”

Section: Jinst 18 T11001mentioning

confidence: 99%

CNR performance of semiconductor materials for X-ray imaging of breast calcifications

Mendoza,

Avila,

Rodríguez

et al. 2023

J. Inst.

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We present the results of a GAMOS/GEANT4 computer simulation of a standard X-ray mammography system, which consists of a Tungsten 28 kVp polychromatic X-ray source with a 50 μm Rh filter, a mammography phantom with Al2O3 spherical specks of different diameters, and a generic pixel detector (55 μm × 55 μm pixel size) with different types of semiconductor sensors. The number of photons simulated is calibrated to produce similar entrance surface dose (ESD) as the one used by a standard clinical mammography screening. Estimates of Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) as a function of ESD, sensor thickness and microcalcification diameter are presented for four different sensor materials: Silicon (Si), Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) and Perovskite (MAPbI3). For the X-ray energy spectrum and pixel size considered, and an ESD dose of 4 mGy, our study shows that, with the exception of Si, these sensors, as thin as 200 μm, are able to resolve (with at least 3 standard deviations above background) Al2O3 spherical specks up to a minimum diameter of 180 μm, having statistically compatible CNR performance. The increase in substrate thickness has a substantial improvement in the CNR values provided by the Si sensor, while for the other cases the enhancement of CNR is marginal and consistent with statistical uncertainties with the thinnest case considered.

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“…CdTe solar panels are now on par with polycrystalline silicon panels in performance and cost 7 . Cadmium telluride single crystals are actively used to manufacture the X-and γ-radiation detectors due to their ability to operate at room temperatures, unlike silicon counterparts [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . However, CdTe single crystals typically have a defect structure (small-angle boundaries and high dislocation densities), which further negatively affects detection ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the defect structure of high-resistance CdTe single crystals by the methods of high-resolution x-ray diffractometry and total integral reflective power

Fodchuk,

Kuzmin,

Dovganyuk

et al. 2024

Sixteenth International Conference on Correlation Optics

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Study of Contrast-to-Noise Ratio performance of a Medipix3RX CdTe detector for low dose mammography imaging

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

The detective quantum efficiency of cadmium telluride photon‐counting x‐ray detectors in breast imaging applications

The detective quantum efficiency of cadmium telluride photon‐counting x‐ray detectors in breast imaging applications

CNR performance of semiconductor materials for X-ray imaging of breast calcifications

Investigation of the defect structure of high-resistance CdTe single crystals by the methods of high-resolution x-ray diffractometry and total integral reflective power

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