Study of characteristics of solar cells through thermal shock and high-temperature and high-humidity testing

Jeon, Yong-Sung; Kim, Doseok; Shin, Young-Eui

doi:10.1007/s12541-014-0345-6

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In case of peak load, power is supplied from battery to the load through a DC/ AC converter. Jeon et al 16 studied the characteristics of solar cell through various extreme environmental conditions. Hashimito et al 17 discussed stand-alone wind-PV hybrid system with a secondary backup battery that ensures uninterruptable supply of electricity to a radio base station in an island.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fundamental equation governing the mechanical power of the wind turbine is given by (16) where ρ is air density (kg/m 3 ), C p is power coefficient, A is intercepting area of the rotor blades (m 2 ), V is average wind speed (m/s), λ is tip speed ratio. The theoretical maximum value of the power coefficient C p is 0.593, also known as Betz's coefficient.…”

Section: Wind Potential Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mathematical modeling of hybrid renewable energy system: A review on small hydro-solar-wind power generation

Bhandari

Poudel

Lee

et al. 2014

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

247

105

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Harnessing energy from alternative energy source has been recorded since early history. Renewable energy is abundantly found anywhere, free of cost and has non-polluting characteristics. However, these energy sources are based on the weather condition and possess inherited intermittent nature, which hinders stable power supply. Combining multiple renewable energy resources can be a possible solution to overcome defects, which not only provides reliable power but also leads to reduction in required storage capacity. Although an oversized hybrid system satisfies the load demand, it can be unnecessarily expensive. An undersized hybrid system is economical, but may not be able to meet the load demand. The optimal sizing of the renewable energy power system depends on the mathematical model of system components. This paper summarizes the mathematical modeling of various renewable energy system particularly PV, wind, hydro and storage devices. Because of the nonlinear power characteristics, wind and PV system require special techniques to extract maximum power. Hybrid system has complex control system due to integration of two (or more) different power sources. The complexity of system increases with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques employed in their subsystems. This paper also summarizes mathematical modeling of various MPPT techniques for hybrid renewable energy systems.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wind Potential Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical modeling of hybrid renewable energy system: A review on small hydro-solar-wind power generation

Bhandari

Poudel

Lee

et al. 2014

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

247

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the field, solar arrays exhibit faults such as their power output being less than the sum of the output power of the constituent solar cells [19]. This drop in power has been attributed to solar ribbon disconnects [4,15,17,18,20], thermal loading [25], EVA yellowing [26,27] and other defects. Among the potential source of defects, the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer in solar ribbon solder joints has contributed to serious damage with regard to PV modules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of an Ag3Sn Intermetallic Compound Layer Within Photovoltaic Module Ribbon Solder Joints

Jeon

Kang

Shin

2019

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

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In this study, the characteristics of growing an intermetallic compound(IMC) layer at solder joint in photovoltaic (PV) ribbon solder joint were investigated through the thermal ageing test. Also, the growth rate of IMC in the ribbon solder joint, which depend on the temperature and time, was predicted through the ageing test. That the ageing test were performed under three different conditions: 90 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C. Also, we prepare the two type solder composition(60Sn40Pb, 62Sn2Ag36Pb) to analyze Ag addition effect in solder to forming IMC layer. Following testing, the IMC layer formed Ag 3 Sn in Ag sintered layer by Sn diffusion phenomena at high temperature. The thickness of Ag 3 Sn in solder joint was measured by cross-section images during the thermal ageing test. The Ag 3 Sn IMC layer was filled in sintered Ag layer in 70 h under the harshest conditions of 150 °C and 750 h at 120 °C. The Ag 3 Sn thicknesses were calculated to activation energies forming IMC layer in solder joints. The results, the Ag 3 Sn growth rates under the various temperatures were predicted for long-term reliability of PV modules.

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“…To address energy depletion and environmental issues such as the instability of oil prices, depletion of fossil fuels, and the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in Japan, more attention is being focused on renewable energy [1][2][3]. Among the many types of renewable energies, silicon solar cells have been the most common for industry use due to their low-price and machinability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PV ribbon solder joint is suspected to be the weakest point, based on typical PV ribbon solder joint problems such as cell cracks, inactive cracks, and broken metal fingers (MFs) caused by cycling heating. In addition, Jeon mentioned that the PV ribbon solder joint is the weakest point during thermal cycling, high-temperature, and humidity tests [1]. Yang et al [10] performed aging tests for the growth of intermetallic compound layers (IMCs) at PV ribbon solder joints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the 60Sn40Pb and 62Sn2Ag36Pb Solders for a PV Ribbon Joint in Photovoltaic Modules Using the Thermal Shock Test

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this study, the characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) ribbon (t = 0.25 mm) joint with 60Sn40Pb and 62Sn2Ag36Pb solders were evaluated using thermal shock tests. The thermal shock tests were performed under three conditions: −40-65 • C, −40-85 • C, and −40-105 • C. The results of these tests were analyzed using electroluminescence (EL) and cross-sectional images. Following testing, broken metal fingers (MFs) were confirmed near the solder joint. PV module degradation was attributed to the broken finger ratio (BFR) based on quantitative analysis of the dark rectangular (DR) regions on the EL images. In addition, the activation energy of the broken MFs was calculated from the increasing BFR. Thermal characteristic variations due to the added Ag in the PV ribbon solder joints were evaluated through observation of solder micro-structure changes following thermal shock tests.

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Study of characteristics of solar cells through thermal shock and high-temperature and high-humidity testing

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Mathematical modeling of hybrid renewable energy system: A review on small hydro-solar-wind power generation

Mathematical modeling of hybrid renewable energy system: A review on small hydro-solar-wind power generation

Growth of an Ag3Sn Intermetallic Compound Layer Within Photovoltaic Module Ribbon Solder Joints

Comparison of the 60Sn40Pb and 62Sn2Ag36Pb Solders for a PV Ribbon Joint in Photovoltaic Modules Using the Thermal Shock Test

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