Study of cardiovascular effects of caffeine in healthy human subjects, with special reference to pulse wave velocity using photoplethysmography

Pilli, Raveendranadh; Naidu, M. U. R.; Pingali, Usha Rani; Takallapally, Ramesh Kumar Rao

doi:10.4103/2231-0738.99478

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…There are a number of factors that are recognised to affect ABI measurement, and, subsequently, its reliability. These include recent caffeine ingestion [11], tobacco use [12] or exercise [13, 14], clinical experience [15, 16], as well as measurement procedure including lack of pre‐test rest [17] and body position [18] during measurement. Existing studies of ABI reliability are inconclusive, with inconsistencies in methodology, statistical analysis and reporting making interpretation of the findings difficult, particularly when coupled with the lack of data for those without symptoms, but for whom screening is recommended [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ankle brachial index in people with and without diabetes: intra‐tester reliability

Casey

Chuter

2020

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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Background: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is widely used for determining the presence and severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and current guidelines suggest it should be used to monitor possible progression in affected individuals. It is therefore important that the technique demonstrates adequate reliability for repeated measurements. Existing studies suggest that the ABI is reliable in the general population however, there is a lack of evidence for the reliability of the ABI in people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the intratester reliability of the ABI in people with and without diabetes. Methods: Eighty-five participants (40 with and 45 without diabetes) underwent ankle and brachial systolic blood pressure measurements by a single clinician during two testing sessions. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), their 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change were determined. Results: Intra-tester reliability of the ABI was found to be good (ICC: 0.80), however subgroup analysis of participants with and without diabetes found that ABI was slightly less reliable in people with diabetes (ICC: 0.78) than in those without (ICC: 0.82). The relatively large limits of agreement (− 0.16 to 0.16), standard error of measurement (0.03 overall, 0.04 for the diabetes group), and minimal detectable change (0.08 overall, 0.11 for the diabetes group) suggest that a large change in ABI is required for it to demonstrate a true change rather than the result of measurement variability. The minimal detectable change for the ABI was 0.08 overall, and 0.11 for the diabetes group. Conclusions: The ABI demonstrated good reliability in all groups analysed. However, the wide limits of agreement and considerable standard error of measurement obtained support the use of multiple methods of vascular assessment for ongoing monitoring of lower limb vascular status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ankle brachial index in people with and without diabetes: intra‐tester reliability

Casey

Chuter

2020

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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“…stethoscope, Doppler, photoplethysmography probe), with variable findings as to whether the results are interchangeable [13][14][15][16]. The pre-test protocol and test environment have also been demonstrated to affect the resting ABI at measurement, with variations in body position [17], recency of tobacco smoking, caffeine intake [18,19] and exercise [20,21], and pre-measurement rest time [22] all likely to introduce error to the measurement and affect the test-retest reliability.…”

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reliability of the ankle brachial index: a systematic review

Casey

Oldmeadow²,

Chuter

2019

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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Background The ankle brachial index (ABI) is widely used in clinical practice as a non-invasive method to detect the presence and severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Current guidelines suggest that it should be used to monitor potential progression of PAD in affected individuals. As such, it is important that the test is reliable when used for repeated measurements, by the same or different health practitioners. This systematic review aims to examine the literature to evaluate the inter- and intra-rater reliability of the ABI. Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL Complete was conducted to 20 January 2019. Two authors independently reviewed and selected relevant studies and extracted the data. Methodological quality was determined using the Quality Appraisal of Reliability (QAREL) Checklist. Results Fifteen studies of ABI reliability in a range of patient populations were identified as suitable for inclusion in the review: seven considered inter-rater reliability, four intra-rater reliability, and four studies evaluated both inter- and intra-rater reliability. Inter-rater reliability was found to be highly variable, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC’s) ranging from poor to excellent (ICC 0.42–1.00), while intra-rater also demonstrated considerable variation, with ICCs from 0.42–0.98. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the lack of statistical information reported. Conclusions Results of included studies suggest the inter- and intra-tester reliability of the ABI is acceptable. However, inconsistencies in obtaining systolic pressure measurements, calculating ABI values, and incomplete reporting of methodologies and statistical analysis make it difficult to determine the validity of the results of included studies. Further research, with more consistent reliability methodology, statistical analysis and reporting conducted in populations at risk of PAD is needed to conclusively determine the ABI reliability.

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