Examining the number of persons killed and the amount of money lost in major terrorist attacks over the last few decades indicates a shocking rising trend. Due to the prevalence of terrorist acts and the frequency with which engineering structures fail under blast stress, scientists and structural engineers have lately been interested in this issue. Since the widespread accessibility of small explosive charge devices containing prevailing and long-range components of explosives, the danger of explosions has grown considerably. As a result, it is vital to immediately study and develop structures that can endure these extreme stress levels, as they may avert such disasters. The objective of a blast load study is to predict how a structure will react to explosion loads. This research is a literature review of the damaging effects of blast variables such as incidence angle, standoff distance, explosive type, and charge weight. In addition, it would be too expensive to test each prototype experimentally to sustain the explosion load. Consequently, several computational based softwares predicting blast loads have been investigated, as well as particular strategies that may be adopted to mitigate the effects of blast pressure. This paper gives basic information on blast theory to assist researchers and structural engineers in understanding this particular kind of stress.