Study of astronomical and geodetic series using the Allan variance

Malkin, Zinovy

doi:10.3103/s0884591311010053

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This criterion is aimed at testing the hypothesis that all the mathematical expectancies of the analyzed measurements xi are equal. To test this hypothesis, we calculated the Abbe statistic, which is essentially the ratio of the Allan variance AV (whose applications to astronomical studies are described in detail in [63,64]) to the dispersion of the data D:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of determinations of the distance between the sun and the galactic center

Malkin

2013

Astron. Rep.

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The paper investigates the question of whether or not determinations of the distance between the Sun and the Galactic center R0 are affected by the so-called "bandwagon effect", leading to selection effects in published data that tend to be close to expected values, as was suggested by some authors. It is difficult to estimate numerically a systematic uncertainty in R0 due to the bandwagon effect; however, it is highly probable that, even if widely accepted values differ appreciably from the true value, the published results should eventually approach the true value despite the bandwagon effect. This should be manifest as a trend in the published R0 data: if this trend is statistically significant, the presence of the bandwagon effect can be suspected in the data. Fifty two determinations of R0 published over the last 20 years were analyzed. These data reveal no statistically significant trend, suggesting they are unlikely to involve any systematic uncertainty due to the bandwagon effect. At the same time, the published data show a gradual and statistically significant decrease in the uncertainties in the R0 determinations with time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of determinations of the distance between the sun and the galactic center

Malkin

2013

Astron. Rep.

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“…Previous authors [16,18,19] have used the Allan variance statistic to study the noise characteristics of various geodetic time series, such as Earth Orientation Parameters, GPS position time series, and VLBI baseline time series. With the advent of streaming of near-real-time, high-rate GPS time series, we are provided with the opportunity to study not only the frequency characteristics of high-rate geodetic time series, but their evolution with time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time Monitoring of Tectonic Displacements in the Pacific Northwest through an Array of GPS Receivers

Popovici

Andonie

Szeliga

et al. 2014

INT J COMPUT COMMUN

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The Pacific Northwest Geodesic Array at Central Washington University collects telemetered streaming data from 450 GPS stations. These real-time data are used to monitor and mitigate natural hazards arising from earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and coastal sea-level hazards in the Pacific Northwest. The displacement measurements are performed at millimeter-scale, and require stringent analysis and parameter estimation techniques. Recent improvements in both accuracy of positioning measurements and latency of terrestrial data communication have led to the ability to collect data with higher sampling rates, of up to 1 Hz. For seismic monitoring applications, this means 1350 separate position streams from stations located across 1200 km along the West Coast of North America must be able to be both visually observed and analyzed automatically. We aim to make the real-time information from GPS sensors easily available, including public access via interfaces for all intelligent devices with a connection to the Internet. Our contribution is a dashboard application that monitors the real-time status of the network of GPS sensors. We are able to visualize individual and multiple sensors using similar time series scales. We are also able to visualize groups of sensors based on time-dependent statistical similarity, such as sensors with the the highest variance, in real-time. In addition to raw positioning data, users can also display derived quantities, such as the Allan variance or the second derivative of a data stream.

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“…Hence, the standard deviation becomes highly dependent on these chosen sample sizes and is therefore less suited for consistent in-orbit monitoring of different instruments. The Allan deviation does not show this bias and is less dependent on choices (Tian et al, 2015;Mittaz, 2016). Therefore, we use the Allan deviation as a statistical tool to estimate the noise on the counts.…”

Section: Noise Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from the new comprehensive time series of noise evolution, our results also include the analysis of the spectrum of the noise in flight. This analysis is based on the statistical tool of the Allan deviation and its general form the Msample deviation (Mittaz, 2016). We also use the Allan deviation for the calculation of the noise itself, in contrast to what has been done for the previously available noise estimates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise performance of microwave humidity sounders over their lifetime

et al. 2017

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The microwave humidity sounders Special Sensor Microwave Water Vapor Profiler (SSMT-2), Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B) and Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) to date have been providing data records for 25 years. So far, the data records lack uncertainty information essential for constructing consistent long time data series. In this study, we assess the quality of the recorded data with respect to the uncertainty caused by noise. We calculate the noise on the raw calibration counts from the deep space views (DSVs) of the instrument and the noise equivalent differential temperature (NE Delta T) as a measure for the radiometer sensitivity. For this purpose, we use the Allan deviation that is not biased from an underlying varying mean of the data and that has been suggested only recently for application in atmospheric remote sensing. Moreover, we use the bias function related to the Allan deviation to infer the underlying spectrum of the noise. As examples, we investigate the noise spectrum in flight for some instruments. For the assessment of the noise evolution in time, we provide a descriptive and graphical overview of the calculated NE Delta T over the life span of each instrument and channel. This overview can serve as an easily accessible information for users interested in the noise performance of a specific instrument, channel and time. Within the time evolution of the noise, we identify periods of instrumental degradation, which manifest themselves in an increasing NE Delta T, and periods of erratic behaviour, which show sudden increases of NE Delta T interrupting the overall smooth evolution of the noise. From this assessment and subsequent exclusion of the aforementioned periods, we present a chart showing available data records with NE Delta T < 1 K. Due to overlapping life spans of the instruments, these reduced data records still cover without gaps the time since 1994 and may therefore serve as a first step for constructing long time series. Our method for count noise estimation, that has been used in this study, will be used in the data processing to provide input values for the uncertainty propagation in the generation of a new set of Fundamental Climate Data Records (FCDRs) that are currently produced in the project "Fidelity and Uncertainty in Climate data records from Earth Observation (FIDUCEO)"

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Study of astronomical and geodetic series using the Allan variance

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Analysis of determinations of the distance between the sun and the galactic center

Analysis of determinations of the distance between the sun and the galactic center

Real-time Monitoring of Tectonic Displacements in the Pacific Northwest through an Array of GPS Receivers

Noise performance of microwave humidity sounders over their lifetime

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