Study of air compressibility effects on the aerodynamic performance of the IEA-15 MW offshore wind turbine

Jun, Cao; Qin, Zhaojie; Ju, Yi‐Hsu; Chen, Yuanhang; Shen, Wen Zhong; Shen, Xiang; Ke, Shitang

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2023.116883

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Some authors suggest that neglecting compressibility effects could lead to a mismatch between the estimated rotor power and the one effectively produced [3,4,5]. Recently, Cao et al [6] conducted a comparative study on the aerodynamic performances of the IEA-15MW offshore reference wind turbine (RWT) under both compressible and incompressible conditions. Their results confirm that the compressible flow simulation estimates an higher thrust value by 1.4% compared to the incompressible one, while the torque is nearly 11% higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of static and dynamic wind turbine airfoil characteristics in transonic flow

Vitulano,

De Tavernier,

De Stefano

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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This study performed an aerodynamic characterization of the FFA-W3-211 wind turbine tip airfoil in transonic flow using Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulations, for both steady and dynamic operational conditions. First, the boundary between subsonic and supersonic flow in static conditions was identified, depending on the angle of attack, the approach flow Mach number, and the Reynolds number. The analysis points out that higher Reynolds numbers promote the occurrence of local supersonic flow. Thereafter, to investigate the dynamic behavior in the transonic flow regime, a sinusoidal pitching motion with representative values was imposed. A hysteresis, similar to but distinct from dynamic stall, was observed for entering and leaving the supersonic and subsonic regions. Elevated reduced frequencies widened the hysteresis loop, resulting in increased normal forces on the airfoil. The study indicated that an increase in reduced frequency leads to an earlier onset of transonic flow. In conclusion, the risk of transonic flow occurring during normal operation of the next generation wind turbines predicted in earlier studies could be corroborated. Moreover, dynamic effects and Reynolds number dependencies can be significant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of static and dynamic wind turbine airfoil characteristics in transonic flow

Vitulano,

De Tavernier,

De Stefano

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Campobasso et al (2018) and Ortolani et al (2020) studied the compressible aerodynamics of a floating offshore wind turbine, revealing that the compressibility effects produce an increase in the peak rotor power. More recently, Cao et al (2023) compared aerodynamic performances of the IEA-15MW offshore reference wind turbine (RWT), defined by Gaertner et al (2020), under incompressible and compressible conditions. Their analysis shows that the compressible flow simulation overestimated the thrust value by 1.4% against the incompressible simulation, with the predicted torque being nearly 11% higher.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Transonic Flow over the FFA-W3-211 Wind Turbine Tip Airfoil

Vitulano,

De Tavernier,

De Stefano

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Modern wind turbines are the largest rotating machines ever built, with blade lengths exceeding one hundred meters. Previous studies demonstrated how the flow around the tip airfoils of such large machines reaches local flow Mach numbers (Ma) at which the incompressibility assumption might be violated, and, even in normal operating conditions, local supersonic flow could appear. In the present study, a numerical analysis of the FFA-W3-211 wind turbine tip airfoil is performed. The results are obtained by means of the application of numerical tools: (1) Xfoil with the Prandtl-Glauert compressible correction and (2) Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations, where an Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) model is used. A preliminary validation of the latter CFD model is performed to demonstrate that the URANS approach is a viable method for predicting the aerodynamic performances in compressible and transonic flow that provides additional and more reliable information compared to the classical compressibility corrections. From this study, three key findings can be highlighted. Primarily, the main transonic features of the FFA-W3-211 wind turbine tip airfoil have been assessed, selecting specific test cases of particular industrial interest. Then, the threshold between subsonic and supersonic flow is provided, considering also an increase of the Reynolds number (Re) from a characteristic value used in the wind tunnel experiments to the one realistic for large rotors. A strong dependence on this quantity is observed, revealing that, for the same Mach number, also the Reynolds number plays a crucial role in promoting the occurrence of transonic flow. Finally, the possible presence or absence of shock waves was investigated. The results indicate that the appearance of transonic flow is a necessary but not a sufficient condition to lead to shock formation.

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CFD Prediction of Wind Turbine Blade Compressible Aerodynamics

Mezzacapo,

Vitulano,

Tomasso

et al. 2023

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Study of air compressibility effects on the aerodynamic performance of the IEA-15 MW offshore wind turbine

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Numerical analysis of static and dynamic wind turbine airfoil characteristics in transonic flow

Numerical analysis of static and dynamic wind turbine airfoil characteristics in transonic flow

Numerical Analysis of Transonic Flow over the FFA-W3-211 Wind Turbine Tip Airfoil

CFD Prediction of Wind Turbine Blade Compressible Aerodynamics

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