Study of a thermal bridging approach using heat pipes for simultaneous fuel cell cooling and metal hydride hydrogen discharge rate enhancement

Tetuko, Anggito P.; Shabani, Bahman; Omrani, Reza; Paul, B.; Andrews, John

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.07.030

Cited by 55 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In this stack, the coolant passes through cooling plates that are placed next to each cell. This arrangement provides more effective heat removal and more uniform temperature distribution across the stack, which is highly desirable for the operation of a PEMFC . The schematic diagram of the experimental setup is presented in Figure .…”

Section: Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This arrangement provides more effective heat removal and more uniform temperature distribution across the stack, which is highly desirable for the operation of a PEMFC. 12 The schematic diagram of the experimental setup is presented in Figure 1. The setup is equipped with a liquid-based cooling system similar to that used by Rafiqul et al 66 The main components of the system are fuel cell stack, liquid cooling subsystem, hydrogen and air supply lines, electronic load, and programmable logic controller (PLC).…”

Section: Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are increasingly playing an important role in making a bridge between renewables and a wide range of mobile [1][2][3][4][5] and stationary [6][7][8][9] applications through different energy pathways. 10 PEMFCs can provide electrical power at high efficiency, quick start-up (due to a low operating temperature that is usually 60°C-80°C 11,12 ), and high power densities comparable with international combustion engines these days. 13 In PEMFCs, oxygen is mostly provided through flowthrough air supply using blowers (in an open-cathode arrangement) or compressors (in a close-cathode arrangement).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are increasingly playing an important role in making a bridge between renewables and a wide range of mobile and stationary applications through different energy pathways . PEMFCs can provide electrical power at high efficiency, quick start‐up (due to a low operating temperature that is usually 60°C‐80°C), and high power densities comparable with international combustion engines these days …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PEMFC purging at low operating temperatures: An experimental approach

et al. 2019

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SUMMARY In this paper, the effect of operating temperature on optimal purge interval for maximum energy efficiency in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with dead‐ended anode (DEA) was experimentally investigated. The study was conducted with a focus on challenges associated with operation at temperatures lower than the recommended designed temperature. With DEA, gradual voltage drop happens due to the accumulation of water and impurities such as nitrogen. Hence, periodic purging of the anode side is required to remove excess water and impurities that are accumulated at the anode side over time. Short purge intervals increase hydrogen loss that translates into low fuel utilisation, whereas long purge intervals result in voltage drop due to high water and impurity accumulations. Therefore, an optimal purge strategy should be implemented to maximise the stack energy efficiency. Depending on the operating conditions and loads, there are instances that a fuel cell stack operates at temperatures lower than its recommended designed temperature. Considering the temperature effect on the cell water management, operating temperature is an important factor to consider for optimising the purge strategy in PEMFCs. At lower operating temperatures (ie, below 50°C), more water is formed in liquid form, which makes the optimisation of purge strategy more challenging. For a stack temperature of 40°C, it was observed that with an increase in stack current from 0.25 to 0.45 A cm−2, the optimal purge interval decreases from 90 seconds to around 45 seconds, respectively. Increasing the stack temperature from 40°C to 50°C resulted in an increase in the optimal purge interval to 120 seconds and 90 seconds for stack currents of 0.25 (ie, low current density) and 0.45 A cm−2, respectively. At lower operating temperatures, more frequent purging schedules are needed accordingly to remove the liquid water from the cell. These results indicated that at lower operating temperatures, water accumulation at the anode side becomes more dominant compared with higher operating temperatures.

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Section: Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PEMFC purging at low operating temperatures: An experimental approach

et al. 2019

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“…It is important to consider this point that hydrogen fuel cell systems generate heat, as well as electricity [67,68]. Part of the total heat generated by the fuel cell that is available for recovery (i.e., Q in W) can be calculated from the following equation [69]:…”

Section: Alternative Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen as a Long-Term Large-Scale Energy Storage Solution to Support Renewables

2018

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This paper presents a case study of using hydrogen for large-scale long-term storage application to support the current electricity generation mix of South Australia state in Australia, which primarily includes gas, wind and solar. For this purpose two cases of battery energy storage and hybrid battery-hydrogen storage systems to support solar and wind energy inputs were compared from a techno-economical point of view. Hybrid battery-hydrogen storage system was found to be more cost competitive with unit cost of electricity at $0.626/kWh (US dollar) compared to battery-only energy storage systems with a $2.68/kWh unit cost of electricity. This research also found that the excess stored hydrogen can be further utilised to generate extra electricity. Further utilisation of generated electricity can be incorporated to meet the load demand by either decreasing the base load supply from gas in the present scenario or exporting it to neighbouring states to enhance economic viability of the system. The use of excess stored hydrogen to generate extra electricity further reduced the cost to $0.494/kWh.

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Coupling a metal hydride tank with a PEMFC for vehicular applications: A simulations framework

et al. 2021

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This paper presents a thermal coupling topology of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with a metal hydride tank (MHT) based on FeTi metal hydride (MH) for vehicular applications. Usually, the heat produced by the PEMFC is evacuated to the ambient and MHT is heated by an external heat source, which negatively affects the efficiency of the PEMFC system as a whole. The idea is to reuse the heat generated by the PEMFC and re-inject it into the MHT to extract the usable hydrogen (H 2 ) for PEMFC. Initially, a comprehensive model of a multiphysics system to manage the exchange of energy flux among the PEMFC and MHT is developed. Subsequently, two distinctive heat exchangers are integrated into the multiphysics system. The performance of the overall system depends on the effective regulation of both temperature and pressure associated with introduced exchanges. For that, two parallel controllers are devised to simultaneously regulate the H 2 pressure and temperature of the PEMFC stack. The simulations of the system are established on MATLAB/Simulink software. It is shown by the simulation results that the proposed controller achieves the two requested objectives: maintaining the temperature and pressure of both the PEMFC stack and MHT for reliable operation.

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Study of a thermal bridging approach using heat pipes for simultaneous fuel cell cooling and metal hydride hydrogen discharge rate enhancement

Cited by 55 publications

References 54 publications

PEMFC purging at low operating temperatures: An experimental approach

PEMFC purging at low operating temperatures: An experimental approach

Hydrogen as a Long-Term Large-Scale Energy Storage Solution to Support Renewables

Coupling a metal hydride tank with a PEMFC for vehicular applications: A simulations framework

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