Study of a high intensity 746 keV neutrino source for the calibration of solar neutrino detectors

Cribier, M.; Pichard, B.; Rich, J.; Spiro, M.; Vignaud, D.; Besson, Adrien; Bévilacqua, A.; Caperan, F.; Dupont, Graham; Sire, Pascal; Gorry, J.; Hampel, W.; Kirsten, T.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(98)90030-4

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The overall efficiency for the detection of neutrinos with radiochemical gallium detectors has been measured directly in two historic experiments by the GALLEX [3][4][5] and the SAGE [6] solar neutrino collaborations using intense 51 Cr sources of low energy neutrinos.…”

Section: The Chromium Neutrino Absorption Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gallium solar neutrino experiments are, at present, the only detectors capable of detecting the fundamental pp neutrinos, which constitute about 90% of the neutrinos predicted by standard solar models to come from the sun. The pioneering gallium solar neutrino experiments, GALLEX [1] and SAGE [2], are also unique in having been directly tested for efficiency of neutrino detection with a radioactive source, 51 Cr [3][4][5][6]. Moreover, the good agreement between the results of the two independent experiments, one of which uses gallium in chloride solution (GALLEX) and the other in a metallic form (SAGE), has led to increased confidence in the measured event rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I have calculated the 3σ upper limit for the important transitions to the 175 keV and the 500 keV states in 71 Ge (seeFig. 2), by using the constraint from the GALLEX[3][4][5] and SAGE[6] measurements of the 51 Cr absorption rate [see Eq.(14)]. This prescription results in 3σ upper limit cross sections that are, respectively, 7 and 12 times the values inferred using the measured (p, n) cross sections (see discussion in Sec.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gallium solar neutrino experiments: Absorption cross sections, neutrino spectra, and predicted event rates

1997

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Neutrino absorption cross sections for 71 Ga are calculated for all solar neutrino sources with standard energy spectra, and for laboratory sources of 51 Cr and 37 Ar; the calculations include, where appropriate, the thermal energy of decaying solar ions and use improved nuclear and atomic data. The ratio, R, of measured (in GALLEX and SAGE) to calculated 51 Cr capture rate is R = 0.95±0.07 (exp) + +0.04 −0.03 (theory). Cross sections are also calculated for specific neutrino energies chosen so that a spline fit determines accurately the event rates in a gallium detector even if new physics changes the energy spectrum of solar neutrinos. Theoretical uncertainties are estimated for cross sections at specific energies and for standard neutrino energy spectra. Standard energy spectra are presented for pp and CNO neutrino sources in the appendices. Neutrino fluxes predicted by standard solar models, corrected for diffusion, have been in the range 120 SNU to 141 SNU since 1968.Typeset using REVT E X

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Section: The Chromium Neutrino Absorption Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gallium solar neutrino experiments: Absorption cross sections, neutrino spectra, and predicted event rates

1997

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“…[23] and additionally considered in Ref. [24]. Besides decreasing the irradiated mass to a value that can be acceptably placed in a reactor, the use of enriched Cr reduces the self-shielding during irradiation and reduces the neutron competition from 53 Cr, whose capture cross section for thermal neutrons is very high.…”

Section: The Decay Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the response of a gallium metal solar neutrino experiment to neutrinos from a51Crsource

Abdurashitov¹,

Гаврин²,

Girin³

et al. 1999

Phys. Rev. C

268

165

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The neutrino capture rate measured by the Russian-American Gallium Experiment is well below that predicted by solar models. To check the response of this experiment to low-energy neutrinos, a 517 kCi source of 51 Cr was produced by irradiating 512.7 g of 92.4%-enriched 50 Cr in a high-flux fast neutron reactor. This source, which mainly emits monoenergetic 747-keV neutrinos, was placed at the center of a 13.1 tonne target of liquid gallium and the cross section for the production of 71 Ge by the inverse beta decay reaction 71 Ga(νe, e − ) 71 Ge was measured to be [5.55 ± 0.60 (stat) ± 0.32 (syst)] × 10 −45 cm 2 . The ratio of this cross section to the theoretical cross section of Bahcall for this reaction is 0.95 ± 0.12 (expt) +0.035 −0.027 (theor) and to the cross section of Haxton is 0.87 ± 0.11 (expt) ± 0.09 (theor). This good agreement between prediction and observation implies that the overall experimental efficiency is correctly determined and provides considerable evidence for the reliability of the solar neutrino measurement. PACS number(s): 26.65.+t, 13.15.+g, 95.85.Ry

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“…For this purpose a measurement with a 1 MCi 51 Cr source is discussed in connection with the 'Gallium' experiments. The activity such a source will induce a signal in the detector which exceeds the solar model predictions by a factor of 7 [22,24],…”

Section: Solar Neutrino Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

8 Neutrino Detectors

1997

Experimental Techniques in Nuclear Physics

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Study of a high intensity 746 keV neutrino source for the calibration of solar neutrino detectors

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

Gallium solar neutrino experiments: Absorption cross sections, neutrino spectra, and predicted event rates

Gallium solar neutrino experiments: Absorption cross sections, neutrino spectra, and predicted event rates

Measurement of the response of a gallium metal solar neutrino experiment to neutrinos from a51Crsource

8 Neutrino Detectors

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