Study and prevention of cracking during weld-repair of heat-resistant cast steels

Branza, Traian; Deschaux-Beaume, Frédéric; Sierra, Guillaume; Lours, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.033

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The first way was explored in a previous paper, using a buttering technique to accommodate, thanks to the deposit of a soft material layer on the surface of the V-groove, the thermal strains induced by the successive welding passes [8]. This method allowed, under special conditions, to prevent cracking during weld-repair of 20 mm deep V-grooves.…”

Section: Discussion and Improvement Of Weld-repair Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this treatment is very costly for massive components because the annealing temperature is above 1200 °C. A preheating of the dies before welding is also required, to reduce thermal gradient during welding [8]. The maximal preheating temperature is circa 400°C for operating without special equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical strength of such repairs is however low compared to base metal. The buttering technique, consisting to deposit only a fine layer of a soft material on the surface of the filling zone on base material, before to weld-repair with a more resistant material, is also effective to reduce cracking [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of weld-cracking and improvement of the weld-repair process of superplastic forming tools

Duchosal

Deschaux-Beaume

Lours

et al. 2013

Materials & Design (1980-2015)

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of weld-cracking and improvement of the weld-repair process of superplastic forming tools. Materials and Design, Elsevier, 2013, 46, pp.731-739. 10.1016/j.matdes.2012 AbstractSuperplastic forming (SPF) dies are generally made of using heat resistant cast steels, which are very sensitive to weld cracking. In order to improve the weld-repair process of such dies to prevent weld-cracking, the microstructure and the mechanical behaviour of a typical heatresistant cast steel was first studied, using isothermal low-cycle fatigue tests and in-situ tensile tests. The welding behaviour of such steel was also investigated, using a shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process and welding conditions similar to those employed for weld repair industrial dies. The comparison of the aspect of weld-cracking with the fracture mechanisms observed at room temperature or during isothermal low-cycle fatigue tests suggests a similar brittle failure mechanism, due to the presence of large interdendritic carbides in the cast steel.The melting of the cast steel surface using a gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process allowed to refine the primary carbides, and then to reduce the weld-cracking sensitivity. The 2 refining method with GTAW before welding has been successfully tested to weld-repair a sample representative of SPF dies, and is recommended for subsequent repairs of such dies.

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Section: Discussion and Improvement Of Weld-repair Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of weld-cracking and improvement of the weld-repair process of superplastic forming tools

Duchosal

Deschaux-Beaume

Lours

et al. 2013

Materials & Design (1980-2015)

Self Cite

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“…Moreover, the great majority of them are about aged and degenerated metals in petrochemical and offshore industries and power plants (viz., Aloraier et al, 2010;Branza et al, 2009;Vega et al, 2008;Mirzaee-Sisan et al, 2007;Edwards et al, 2005;Lant et al, 2001). Additionally, most of the carried out studies are based on simulation by finite element method -FEM -(e.g., Sharples et al, 2005;Sun et al, 2005;Dong et al, 2005;Aloraier et al, 2004;Hyde et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue strength of tungsten inert gas-repaired weld joints in airplane critical structures

Nascimento

Voorwald

Filho

2011

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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a b s t r a c tIn this work the effect of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) repairs on the axial fatigue strength of an AISI 4130 steel welded joint used in airframe critical to the flight-safety was investigated. Fatigue tests were performed at room temperature on 0.89 mm thick hot-rolled plates with constant amplitude and load ratio of R = 0.1, at 20 Hz frequency. Monotonic tensile tests, optical metallography and microhardness, residual stress and weld geometric factors measurements were also performed. The fatigue strength decreased with the number of GTAW repairs, and was related to microstructural and microhardness changes, as well as residual stress field and weld profile geometry factors, which gave origin to high stress concentration at the weld toe.

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“…Although the efforts made to improve the weld repair techniques for degraded and defective components have been extensive over the last decade, few papers approaching this subject have been published, the great majority on aged and degenerated materials in petrochemical, offshore and power industries 12 , 17–21 . Yet, most of these studies are based on simulation by finite element 15,22–25 and only few studies approach multiple repairs 19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of several TIG weld repairs on the axial fatigue strength of AISI 4130 aeronautical steel‐welded joints

Nascimento

Voorwald

Filho

2011

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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A B S T R A C T Welded joints of airframes critical to the flight-safety are commonly repair welded during its operational live. In this study, the effect of up to three weld repairs by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) on the axial fatigue strength of AISI4130 steel used in an airframe critical to the flight-safety was investigated. The tests were performed on hot-rolled steel plate specimens, 0.89 mm thick, with load ratio R = 0.1, constant amplitude, at 20 Hz frequency and room temperature. The results obtained indicated that the axial fatigue strength decreased with the GTAW process itself, and with the subsequent repair cycles, as a consequence of microstructural and microhardness changes and of weld profile geometry factors, which induced high stress concentration at the weld toe.Keywords GTAW; heat-affected zone; high strength low alloy steel; microstructure; repair welding; weld metal; weld toe notch. N O M E N C L A T U R Ea = Peterson's parameter for steel BM = Base metal CE = Carbon equivalent CGHAZ = Coarse-grain heat affected zone da/dN = fatigue crack propagation rate (mm/cycle) DC = Direct Current FGHAZ = Fine-grain heat affected zone GTAW = Gas Tungsten Arc Welding HAZ = Heat affected zone HFC = High fatigue cycles ICHAZ = Inter-critical heat affected zone IIS/IIW = Institut International de la Soudure/International Institute of Welding Kf = fatigue-notch factor Kt = Theoretical stress concentration factor LFC = Low fatigue cycles NDT = Non-destructive testing q = notch-sensitivity factor r = notch-root R = Stress or load ratio R a = Roughness average (μm) S = Stress (MPa)Correspondence: M. P. Nascimento.

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Study and prevention of cracking during weld-repair of heat-resistant cast steels

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

Analysis of weld-cracking and improvement of the weld-repair process of superplastic forming tools

Analysis of weld-cracking and improvement of the weld-repair process of superplastic forming tools

Fatigue strength of tungsten inert gas-repaired weld joints in airplane critical structures

Effects of several TIG weld repairs on the axial fatigue strength of AISI 4130 aeronautical steel‐welded joints

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