Studies using concentric ring bifocal and peripheral add multifocal contact lenses to slow myopia progression in school‐aged children: a meta‐analysis

Abstract

Both concentric ring bifocal and peripheral add multifocal soft contact lenses are clinically effective for controlling myopia in school-aged children, with an overall myopia control rates of 30~50% over 2 years. Concentric ring bifocal soft contact lenses seem to have greater effect than peripheral add multifocal soft contact lenses.

Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

“…Soft contact lenses with modified refractive profiles have also shown significant efficacy in reducing myopia progression and axial eye growth. On average, multifocal and dual‐focus lenses reduce myopia progression by approximately 30–50 per cent; however, there is significant inter‐study variation as a result of lens design, study duration, and participant characteristics . These lenses can be broadly categorised as multifocal or dual‐focus lenses, according to how the optical profile of the lens varies across the optic zone.…”

Binocular Visual Function in Orthokeratology Contact Lens Wear for Myopia

“…(Guggenheim andTo 2005, Phillips 2005) One SCL myopia control study specifically examined correction of near esophoria, (Aller et al 2016) and found the largest reduction in axial elongation seen in any comparative SCL study. (Li et al 2017) Using a commercially available concentric bifocal SCL and targeting myopes with near esophoria, a 79% reduction in axial elongation was seen over the 12 month study. (Aller et al 2016) A further novel SCL design with induced positive spherical aberration (SA) designed to neutralise the negative SA apparent during accommodation found a 39% reduction in axial elongation over 12 months.…”

“…( Two meta-analyses of OK's treatment effects to slow myopia progression examined the seven studies above and concluded an approximate 45-50% reduction in axial elongation over two years, (Si et al 2015 showing marginally greater efficacy overall than SCL myopia control designs. (Li et al 2017) High myopes of 6D or more, partially treated to 4D with OK contact lenses, have shown a 76% reduction in myopia progression over one year compared to spectacle wearers in one study. (Charm and Cho 2013) Research into OK's efficacy for myopic astigmats is showing promising findings for refractive correction and safety, with preliminary case reports examining myopia control being favourable.…”

“…The majority of SCL research (Li et al 2017) and patent literature (Back 2014, Lindacher and Ye 2014, Martinez et al 2014 for myopia control centres around creating designs to modify peripheral optics -a modification which is inherently and consistently part of the orthokeratology treatment effect. ( (average 1.0D) in the preceding year.…”

“…These studies employed either concentric ring bifocal or peripheral add multifocal designs, and found an average 30-50% reduction in axial elongation over two years, with slightly greater efficacy of the former. (Li et al 2017) The concentric ring bifocal SCLs employed novel designs with an addition of +2.00, (Anstice and Phillips 2011) +2.50 (Lam et al 2014) or that chosen specifically to neutralise near esophoria, (Aller et al 2016) alternating with the normal distance correction. The peripheral add multifocal designs included a commercially available distance-centred multifocal SCL, previously indicated for presbyopia; and three novel designs -a +0.50 Add with nasally decentred optics; (Fujikado et al 2014) a 'soft radial refractive gradient' lens purporting a +2.00 Add at the 35 0 retinal eccentricity and up to a +6.00 Add at the edge of the optic zone (8mm diameter); (Paune et al 2015) a lens with +1.00 Add at 4mm diameter increasing to +2.00 at the 9mm optic zone edge.…”