Studies on Yield and Economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Spacing and Foliar Application of Zinc

Abstract

Background: Sesame plants thrive in hot, dry weather. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds. The oil content of the seed is inversely proportional to its protein content. Most commercial cultivars of sesame are intolerant of water-logging.
 The objective of the present experiment was to analyze the influence of spacing and application of zinc using foliar method on growth, yield and economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) during kharif season of 2021. The experiment was designed with varying combination of spacing and zinc using the Randomized Block Design which produced nine treatments with three replicates each. The treartment combinations are T1 – 25 cm X 15 cm + 0.25% ZnSO4, T2 – 25 cm X 15 cm + 0.50% ZnSO4, T3- 25 cm X 15 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4, T4- 35 cm X 15 cm + 0.25% ZnSO4, T5 – 35 cm X 15 cm + 0.50% ZnSO4, T6 – 35 cm X 15 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4, T7- 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.25% ZnSO4, T8- 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.50% ZnSO4, T9 – 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4. The combination, T9 with spacing 40 X 10 cm and 0.75% ZnSo4 recorded maximum number of capsules per plant (54.60), number of seeds per capsule (60.50), seed yield (1.20 t/ha), harvest index (31.89 %). The application of treatment T9 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4 recorded higher net return (52,016.00 INR/ha), gross return (78,217.00 INR/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.99) as well.
 Conclusion: 40 cm X 10 cm + ZnSo4 – 0.75 %, had the highest results for yield characteristics such has grain yield (1.20 t/ha), gross return (78,217.00 INR/ha), net return (52,016.00 INR/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.99).

Effect of Sources of Sulphur and Zinc on Yield and Economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…"The increase in yield attributes and yield due to the application of Zn might be due to fact that Zn influences on the water economy and crop growth through its effect on water uptake, root growth, maintenance of turgor, transpiration and stomatal behavior, overcomes the adverse effect of water stress and improving the drought tolerance". Haritha et al [5] Similar results were also reported by Paraye et al [14], Deosarkar et al [15] in soybean.…”

“…"The observed improvement in plant height due to zinc might be due to biosynthesis of IAA growth hormones, cell enlargement, cell division and multiplication which ultimately led to better plant height of sesame and boosted plant growth". Haritha et al [5] Similar findings were also reported by Sharma and Jain [7] in mustard, Choudhary et al [8] in sunflower and Murthy [9] in sesame. Sulphur through gypsum might have promoted the uptake and translocation of food assimilates from source to sink effectively, resulting in higher yield attributes vi, no of capsules plant, weight of capsules plant leading to higher seed yield.…”

“…Later winnowed, cleaned and seed yield per ha was computed and expressed in tonnes per hectare. After complete drying under sun for 10 days stover yield from each net plot was recorded and expressed in tonnes per hectare" [5]. The data was computed and analysed by following statistical method of Gomez and Gomez [6].…”

Effect of Spacing and Nitrogen Management on Growth and Yield of Summer Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…By enabling optimal light contact and satisfactory absorption of nutrients and water from the soil, proper spacing in the case of sesame led to a better crop output. Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is a seasonal shortday plant (Sesamum indicum L.) [8,9].The oldest indigenous oilseed crop in India with the longest history of cultivation is sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The names til (Hindi, Punjabi, Assamese, Bengali, Marathi), tal (Gujarati), nuvvulu, manchi nuvvulu (Telugu), and ellu are all used to refer to sesame or gingelly (Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada) With 19.47 lakh acres of land and 8.66 lakh tonnes of production, tila/pitratarpana (Sanskrit) and rasi (Odia) in various parts of India rank first in the globe.…”

Effect of Spacing and Nitrogen Management on Yield and Economics of Summer Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…The most common method used for sowing summer sesame is broadcasting which results in uneven spacing in the field. Uneven plant spacing is responsible for low yield [15][16][17][18]. Caliskan et al [19] reported positive effects of row planting.…”