Studies on vitiligo I. Epidemiological profile in Calcutta, India

Das, Sudipta; Majumder, Partha P.; Chakrabotry, Ranajit; Majumdar, Tapan; Haldar, B; Rao, D. C.

doi:10.1002/gepi.1370020107

Cited by 133 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The present study shows that both males and females are vulnerable to the disease, a finding that is supported by other studies [2,11]. However, some investigators have recorded a higher incidence in women [1,3].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Vitiligo: Epidemiology and Clinical Pattern at King Khalid University Hospital

et al. 1993

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The incidence of vitiligo at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was 2.5% for the period from [1985][1986][1987][1988][1989][1990]. The majority (96.1%) were Saudis. Approximately 64% were below the age of 30 years and the average age was 25.6 ± SD 13.7 years. Fifty-six percent of the patients were males and 43% were females. More than half of the patients had the lesions for a period between one and nine years and 17.17% had them for more than 15 years. Only 12% had a positive family history of vitiligo. The majority (54%) of the lesions were in exposed areas. The associated diseases with vitiligo are also reported. Vitiligo is a circumscribed, acquired, idiopathic depigmentation of skin and hair which is often familial and characterized microscopically by a total absence of melanocytes [1]. It affects both sexes with women being affected more, and the general incidence worldwide is about 1% [2]. The pathogenesis of vitiligo is unknown, but various hypotheses have been promulgated. Of these, the most accepted theories include genetic, autoimmune, neurogenic, and the melanocyte self-destruction hypothesis [3][4][5][6][7][8].Vitiligo is a social stigma, particularly in individuals with black skin, due to its cosmetic disfigurement. Despite that, no studies have been published on vitiligo in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study reports on several cases of vitiligo from the dermatology clinic at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with regard to the incidence, clinical presentation, and the problems with management. Material and ManagementThe records of patients who had vitiligo and who were referred to the dermatology clinic from primary care clinics at KKUH over a five year period from December 1985 to December 1990 were reviewed for this study. Information regarding the clinical pattern of the disease, family history of the disease, the associated diseases, and the outcome of treatment were recorded using a SYSTAT program for data analysis and chi-square test was used for statistical analysis when needed. ResultsThe five year incidence of vitiligo at KKUH skin clinic was 2.5%. From a total of 203 patients with vitiligo who were studied, 114 (56.2%) were males and 89 (43.8%) were females. Of the Saudis, 134 (68.7%) were from the Central region (including Riyadh), 28 (14.4%) from the Northern, 22 (11.3%) from the Western, and 11 (5.6%) from the Southern regions. Of the non-Saudis, there were three Egyptians, two Sudanese, two Indians and one Jordanian. The majority (59%) were between the age group 10 to 29 years (Table 1) and the average age for the whole group was 28.7 ± 25.0 years while that for the male patients was 25.6 ± 13.7 years and that for the female patients was 21.9 ± 11.8 years. The age difference between males and females is statistically significant(P >0.01). More than half the patients had the lesions for a period between one and nine years, and 17.7% of the patients had their symptoms for more than 15 years (Table 2).Regarding the distribution o...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…More than half of the patients in this study had the lesions in exposed areas of the body including face, head, neck, and extremities. The same finding was reported in other studies [10,11]. This will have its psychosocial effects and social stigma on patients with vitiligo, particularly in females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Vitiligo: Epidemiology and Clinical Pattern at King Khalid University Hospital

et al. 1993

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“…7,8 In the present study, there were more women (58%) than men (42%). A similar finding has been noted in studies conducted in Brazil and China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 40%

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in vitiligo patients

Jishna¹,

Binitha²,

Latheef³

et al. 2017

Int J Res Dermatol

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Background: Vitiligo is associated with various autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease. The objectives of the present study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with vitiligo, and to compare the clinical profile of anti-thyroid peroxidase positive and anti-thyroid peroxidase negative patients.Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in 100 patients with vitiligo and 100 controls. After dermatologic and systemic evaluation, serum thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels were measured in all the subjects.Results: Thyroid dysfunction was more common in the vitiligo group (27%) than in the controls. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone abnormalities were more common in the vitiligo group (27%) than in the controls (6%). The most common thyroid dysfunction was subclinical hypothyroidism. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity was higher in the vitiligo group (36%) when compared to the controls (24%), and the most common type of vitiligo was vitiligo vulgaris (18%) in this group. Thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase positivity were more common in women (58%) when compared to men (42%). There was a significantly higher prevalence of other autoimmune diseases in the vitiligo group (20%) compared to the controls (6%). Conclusions: This study shows a significant association between vitiligo and thyroid dysfunction, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and other autoimmune diseases. We recommend that thyroid evaluation and regular follow-up should be done in patients with vitiligo for prompt detection of thyroid dysfunction.

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“…Men and women were affected equally. Another study from Calcutta, India showed prevalence of 0.5% with equal sex distribution 8 . However, another study done by Agrawal et al 9 found the prevalence of vitiligo to be 2.64%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%