Studies on Trypanosoma vivax: Infectivity and serial maintenance of natural bovine isolates in mice

Leeflang, P.; Buys, Janny; Blotkamp, Coby

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(76)90027-8

Cited by 147 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Table I (Leeflang et al 1976a) although some individuals of strain Y486 aze rather small and could be T.uniforme (De Gee, personal communication 1978).…”

Section: Parasitology Histor~ Of the Strainsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The history of the strains is given in detail by Leeflang et al (1976a) and further summarized in Table I. Table I (Leeflang et al 1976a) although some individuals of strain Y486 aze rather small and could be T.uniforme (De Gee, personal communication 1978).…”

Section: Parasitology Histor~ Of the Strainsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The isolation by Leeflang et al (1976a) of three mouse infective (m.i.) strains of T.vivax (Y58, Y486 and V953) from cattle, with an electrophoretio enzyme pattern, morphology-and tsetse transmissibility , characteristic for ~.viv~x, gave a new impetus to the study of T.vivax in rodents and ruminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of studies on three mouse-infectiveT. vivax strains

Zwart¹

1979

Vet Res Commun

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Zwart, D., ]979. A review of studies on three mouse-infective T. vivax strains.Vet. Sci. ,un.,.The literature is reviewed of three strains of T.vivax which retained their characteristics of T.vivax after serial passage through mice. These mouse infective (m.i.) strains were used to study the surface coat of T.vivax, antigenic variation and behaviour in rodents and ruminants.The m.i.T.vivax Y58 was mildly virulent for ruminants, causing a hemolytic anaemia, thrombi and in the more chronic stage a myocarditis with extravascular parasites. The relation between bradykinin levels, parasitaemia, fever, pulse rate and forestomach motility was not clear. The fall in serotonin levels was caused by thrombocyte aggregation, followed by release, degradation and/or reuptake of the serotonin, No systematic role could be attributed to the released serotonin. Some of the strains have been tested for their drug susceptibility, whereby dose rates higher than generally recommended had to be used in order to clear the animals completely from the parasites.

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“…Table I (Leeflang et al 1976a) although some individuals of strain Y486 aze rather small and could be T.uniforme (De Gee, personal communication 1978).…”

Section: Parasitology Histor~ Of the Strainsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Parasitology Histor~ Of the Strainsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A review of studies on three mouse-infectiveT. vivax strains

Zwart¹

1979

Vet Res Commun

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“…The T. equiperdum stabilate (Hamburg) was obtained from the Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers and Veterinary Medicine (BgVV). T. vivax IL 1392 is a derivative of Y 486, originally isolated from a steer in Zaria, Nigeria (Lee¯ang et al 1976). T. congolense IL 1180 is a clone derived from STIB 212, which was isolated from a lion in the Serengeti area, Tanzania (Geigy and Kaumann 1973).…”

Section: Trypanosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerase chain reaction and DNA probe hybridization to assess the efficacy of diminazene treatment in Trypanosoma brucei -infected cattle

Clausen¹,

Waiswa²,

Katunguka-Rwakishaya

et al. 1999

Parasitology Research

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Four of eight Ankole longhorn cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei were treated with 7 mg/kg diminazene aceturate (Berenil, Hoechst AG, Germany) at day 71 postinfection. The trypanocidal activity was monitored using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA probe hybridization. When extracted parasite DNA (without host DNA) was used, as little as 1 fg per reaction, which is equivalent to about 1-10% of the DNA in a single trypanosome, produced a specific product that was visible as a 177-bp band in an agarose gel. In infected cattle, specific PCR products could be amplified at as early as 1 day postinfection. PCR signals remained positive during infection, except in one sample, although aparasitemic phases occurred. In cases where treatment resulted in a significant clinical improvement, PCR signals disappeared at 3-4 days after the administration of the drug. By contrast, in cattle that showed clinical signs of CNS involvement after treatment, although aparasitemic, and died before the termination of the experiment, specific products could be amplified on several occasions following treatment. The PCR signals generated after treatment could be further enhanced by subsequent slot-blot hybridization with a T. brucei-specific DNA probe. We conclude that PCR coupled with DNA probe hybridization provides a highly sensitive tool for the assessment of therapeutic efficiency and disease progression in trypanosome infections, especially in chronic infections when the level of parasitemia is low or when trypanosomes are sequestered at cryptic sites.

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“…From a group of 24 castrated West African Dwarf goats, 16 animals were randomly selected and were infected intravenously with T. vivax Y486 stabilate (11), with about 1 X 106 parasites per animal. The remaining 8 animals served as controls and were injected with saline.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat production, body temperature, and body posture in West African Dwarf goats infected withtrypanosoma vivax

Dam

Schrama²,

Hel

et al. 1996

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARYThe relationships between heat production, body temperature, and body posture (standing/lying) were studied in goats suffering from trypanosomiasis. Sixteen goats were selected and infected with 1 X 106 Trypanosoma vivax parasites and 8 goats served as controls. In week 2, 4, and 6 after infection heat production, body posture, and body temperature were measured at 15-minute intervals. Heat production was higher (P<0.01) in infected animals compared with control animals (342, respectively 306 kJ .kg-0.75 .d-1), body temperature was also higher (P<0.001) in infected goats (39.78°C, respectively 38.51°C). The standing related energy costs per day were lower in infected animals (27 respectively 36 kJ -kg-0.75 .d-1). Infected animals, therefore, masked part of the energy costs of infection by reducing the standing time. The heat production of infected animals was increased by 21 kJ .kg-0.75 .d-1 per 1°C fever (7% increase). During periods of standing, body temperature increased with time, whereas during lying periods, it decreased. The number of standing periods was increased in infected animals. It was discussed whether postural behaviour is influenced by thermoregulatory mechanisms.

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Studies on Trypanosoma vivax: Infectivity and serial maintenance of natural bovine isolates in mice

Cited by 147 publications

References 17 publications

A review of studies on three mouse-infectiveT. vivax strains

A review of studies on three mouse-infectiveT. vivax strains

Polymerase chain reaction and DNA probe hybridization to assess the efficacy of diminazene treatment in Trypanosoma brucei -infected cattle

Heat production, body temperature, and body posture in West African Dwarf goats infected withtrypanosoma vivax

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