Studies on transmission of white spot syndrome associated baculovirus (WSBV) in Penaeus monodon and P. japonicus via waterborne contact and oral ingestion

Chou, Hsin Yiu; Huang, Canhua; Lo, Chu Fang; Kou, Guang Hsiung

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(98)00192-6

Cited by 98 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…These molecular differences supported the formation of a new virus family for WSSV: the Nimaviridae (Vlak et al 2002). Several decapod crustaceans , Sahul-Hameed et al 2003) and shrimp species (Wongteerasupaya et al 1996, Chou et al 1998, Wang et al 1999) are susceptible to WSSV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo titration of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in specific pathogen-free Litopenaeus vannamei by intramuscular and oral routes

Escobedo-Bonilla¹,

Wille²,

Sanz³

et al. 2005

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a devastating pathogen in shrimp aquaculture. Standardized challenge procedures using a known amount of infectious virus would assist in evaluating strategies to reduce its impact. In this study, the shrimp infectious dose 50% endpoint (SID 50 ml -1 ) of a Thai isolate of WSSV was determined by intramuscular inoculation (i.m.) in 60 and 135 d old specific pathogen-free (SPF) Litopenaeus vannamei using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and 1-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the lethal dose 50% endpoint (LD 50 ml -1 ) was determined from the proportion of dead shrimp. The median virus infection titers in 60 and 135 d old juveniles were 10 6.8 and 10 6.5 SID 50 ml -1 , respectively. These titers were not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05). The titration of the WSSV stock by oral intubation in 80 d old juveniles resulted in approximately 10-fold reduction in virus titer compared to i.m. inoculation. This lower titer is probably the result of physical and chemical barriers in the digestive tract of shrimp that hinder WSSV infectivity. The titers determined by infection were identical to the titers determined by mortality in all experiments using both i.m. and oral routes at 120 h post inoculation (hpi), indicating that every infected shrimp died. The determination of WSSV titers for dilutions administered by i.m. and oral routes constitutes the first step towards the standardization of challenge procedures to evaluate strategies to reduce WSSV infection. KEY WORDS: Litopenaeus vannamei · WSSV · In vivo titration · Intramuscular inoculation · Oral inoculationResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo titration of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in specific pathogen-free Litopenaeus vannamei by intramuscular and oral routes

Escobedo-Bonilla¹,

Wille²,

Sanz³

et al. 2005

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…In shrimp ponds, they congregate in the shallows along the edges of the pond, and in culture tanks they sink inactively to the bottom, where they are frequently attacked and cannibalized by the healthier shrimp. WSS can cause up to l00 % mortality (Chou et al , 1998, which leads to a correspondingly devastating economic impact. WSS has been formally recognized since 1992, but so far no significant resistance to this disease has been reported for any of the penaeid species (Lightner 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific genomic DNA fragment analysis of different geographical clinical samples of shrimp white spot syndrome virus

Lo¹,

Hsu

Tsai

et al. 1999

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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ABSTRACT. White spot syndrome (WSS) has been found in many species of shrimp and crabs, not just In Asia but globally. The causative agent is known as white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). In order to clarify the relatedness of WSSV from various geographic regions, we compared the viral DNA of a number of clinical samples of WSSV. (1) China96-116A from Penaeus chlnens~s, (2) India95-314 from Penaeus monodon, (3) grocery store95-204 and grocery store96-l15 from P. rnonodon possibly originating from Thailand, (4) crayfish97-25 from Orconectespunctimanuscollected from the U.S. National Zoo, (5) Thailand95-46 from experimentally infected Penaeus vannamei. (6) South Carolina97-64 from P. vannamei, and (7) Texas95-242 and Texas96-7 from P. vannarnei. These specimens were first examined by dot hybridization analysis with nucleic acid probes derived from a WSSV Taiwan isolate.Although the intensity of the hybridization signals varied, and although some specimens of India95-314, crayfish97-25, Texas95-242 and Texas96-7 failed to give a detectable hybriduation signal with certain probes, the broad consistency of dot hybridization data suggests that these WSSV clinical samples from different geographical locations are closely related. Following this analysis, all the specimens were examined using 10 virus-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The amplification products were subsequently digested with Cfo I, Hae 111, Hpa I1 and Rsa I restriction endonucleases to determine if there were any DNA fragment polymorphisms in the WSSV clinical samples. The results highlighted the genetic relatedness of all the WSSV clinical samples with the possible exception of a series of Texas viral samples which could be distinguished from the other geographic samples in some of the PCR-based tests.

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“…WSSV can be transmitted orally as well as via water across shrimp species and possibly arthropods Chou et al, 1998 As shown in Fig.1, even within a closed system that uses filtered water and is effectively isolated from ex ternal, accidental sources of infection, there is nothing to prevent WSSV from moving freely along any of sev eral pathways within the hatchery and grow-out pond.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WSSV is ex tremely virulent, has a wide host range and targets vari ous tissues Lo et al, 1996bLo et al, , 1997. The rapid onset and lethality of this disease are remark able (Chou et al, 1995;Chang et al, 1996;Chou et al, 1998). The virion is fusiform or rod-shaped with bluntly rounded ends.…”

Section: White Spot Syndrome Virus (Wssv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-associated White Spot Syndrome of Shrimp in Taiwan: A Review.

Kou

1998

Fish Pathol.

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White spot syndrome (WSS) is a viral disease which affects most of the commercially cultivated marine shrimp species, not just in Taiwan but globally. The principal clinical sign of WSS is the presence of white spots on the proximal surface of the cuticle of the diseased shrimp. The causative agent is a dsDNA virus which consists of an enveloped, rod-shaped nucleocapsid. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection is character ized by rapid disease onset and high mortality. The mortality typically reaches 90% within 2 to 7 days after the onset of the disease. Recently, WSSV was also found in the form of a latent infection in freshly caught wild shrimp and crabs. Under stressful conditions, WSSV was triggered to replicate rapidly and subsequently caused the death of these animals. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we successfully detected WSSV in cultured and captured shrimp and crabs. Detection of WSSV in non-cultured arthropods collected from WSSV-affected shrimp farms revealed that copepods, the pest crab Helice tridens, small pest palaemonid prawns, and possibly the larvae of an ephydrian insect were reservoir hosts of WSSV. The tissues targeted by WSSV originate from both the ectoderm and the mesoderm. In situ hybridization and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed evidence of WSSV in the reproductive organs of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. Since infected oocytes either undergo necrosis or fail to develop to maturity, transovarial transmission is an unlikely pathway. Transovum transmission is a very real possibility, however, and perhaps one of the most effective ways of dealing with this is simply to rinse or disinfect the nauplii.

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Studies on transmission of white spot syndrome associated baculovirus (WSBV) in Penaeus monodon and P. japonicus via waterborne contact and oral ingestion

Cited by 98 publications

References 22 publications

In vivo titration of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in specific pathogen-free Litopenaeus vannamei by intramuscular and oral routes

In vivo titration of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in specific pathogen-free Litopenaeus vannamei by intramuscular and oral routes

Specific genomic DNA fragment analysis of different geographical clinical samples of shrimp white spot syndrome virus

Virus-associated White Spot Syndrome of Shrimp in Taiwan: A Review.

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