Studies on the Ultrastructure and Histochemistry of Plant Cuticles: The Cuticular Membrane of Agave americana L. in situ

Wattendorff, Joachim; Holloway, Peter J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085891

Cited by 77 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is noncellular and consists of two or more layers, the outermost being generally made up of cutin and wax, and the one beneath having in addition a layer of cellulose (Sitte and Rennier, 1963). The cuticle of Agave americana L. has six layers: epicuticular wax, cuticle proper, exterior and interior cuticular layers, and exterior and interior cellin walls (Wattendorff and Holloway, 1980). However, the number is only an approximation, since the boundaries of the layers merge with one another.…”

Section: Leaf Structure and Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Foliar Fertilization on Plant Nutrition

Kannan¹

1990

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use

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Section: Leaf Structure and Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Foliar Fertilization on Plant Nutrition

Kannan¹

1990

Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use

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“…Of these structures, the plant cuticle is ubiquitous, occurring in taxa from all major lineages of land plants [e.g. mosses (Proctor, 1979), cheilanthoid ferns (Sigel et al, 2011), gymnosperms, Ginkgo (Taylor et al, 1989) and angiosperms, Agave (Wattendorff and Holloway, 1980)]. The cuticle consists of layers of the biopolymers cutin/cutan and waxes that cover and permeate the outermost layers of the cell wall (Holloway, 1982), decreasing intracellular water loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration protection provided by a maternal cuticle improves offspring fitness in the moss Funaria hygrometrica

2013

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† Background and Aims In bryophytes the sporophyte offspring are in contact with, nourished from, and partially surrounded by the maternal gametophyte throughout their lifespan. During early development, the moss sporophyte is covered by the calyptra, a cap of maternal gametophyte tissue that has a multilayered cuticle. In this study the effects on sporophyte offspring fitness of removing the maternal calyptra cuticle, in combination with dehydration stress, is experimentally determined. † Methods Using the moss Funaria hygrometrica, calyptra cuticle waxes were removed by chemical extraction and individuals were exposed to a short-term dehydration event. Sporophytes were returned to high humidity to complete development and then aspects of sporophyte survival, development, functional morphology, and reproductive output were measured. † Key Results It was found that removal of calyptra cuticle under low humidity results in significant negative impacts to moss sporophyte fitness, resulting in decreased survival, increased tissue damage, incomplete sporophyte development, more peristome malformations, and decreased reproductive output. † Conclusions This study represents the strongest evidence to date that the structure of the calyptra cuticle functions in dehydration protection of the immature moss sporophyte. The investment in a maternal calyptra with a multilayered cuticle increases offspring fitness and provides a functional explanation for calyptra retention across mosses. The moss calyptra may represent the earliest occurance of maternal protection via structural provisioning of a cuticle in green plants.

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“…Epidermal cell wall can be distinguished from all other cell walls of plants by the presence of thick continuous lipidic layers (cuticular membrane) deposited on its outermost region (Jeffree, Baker, & Holloway, 1976;Wattendorff & Holloway, 1980). In general, five defined layers have been described from outer to inner: 1. epicuticular wax layer (amorphous, crystalline or semi-crystalline); 2. cuticle proper (constituted only by cutin); 3. cutinized layer (mainly composed by a polysaccharide matrix, cutin, and intracuticular waxes).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%