Studies on the Shrub Flora of the Pembrokeshire Coast and on Some Associated Macro-Lepidoptera Larvae

Sambucus nigraL.

“…Although it grows in Shetland, its foliage is often blackened by autumn gales (Scott & Palmer 1987). Elder occurred at 3% of stations on the Pembrokeshire Coast Path in a survey (Gulliver 1992) of exposed locations (excluding those in more sheltered areas such as bays and inlets). Elder was considered to have moderate to low tolerance to salt‐laden winds, in comparison with Prunus spinosa (highly tolerant, present at 17.3% of stations) and Crataegus monogyna (moderately tolerant, present at 6.8% of stations).…”

“…Isl. ; Gulliver 1992). However, a study of the relative palatability to deer of 16 trees and shrubs in a deciduous forest in southern Poland (Bobek et al .…”