Studies on the responses of the isolated nictitating membrane of the cat

Thompson, J. W.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1958.sp005954

Cited by 112 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In three cats the medial smooth muscle of the left nictitating membrane was isolated, excised and mounted in 20 ml. organ bath containing Krebs solution in accordance with the procedure described by Thompson (1958). Drugs dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution were injected into the bath in a volume of 0.1 ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been well established by experiments in vivo (Trendelenburg, 1954) and confirmed in vitro (Thompson, 1958) that histamine has no direct stimulating action on the nictitating membrane of the cat. The contractions of the nictitating membranes which do occur following an intravenous injection of histamine are produced indirectly as a result of at least two primary actions of this amine: the release of adrenal medullary catecholamines and stimulation of the superior cervical ganglia (Bum & Trendelenburg, 1954;Trendelenburg, 1954).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Effect of Histamine on the Nictitating Membrane of the Cat: Potentiation of the Actions of Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine*

Giarman¹,

Reit²

1967

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Effect of Histamine on the Nictitating Membrane of the Cat: Potentiation of the Actions of Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine*

Giarman¹,

Reit²

1967

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…The interval between each period of nerve stimulation at different frequencies was 5 min, this being sufficient for the atrial rate to return to the resting values. The following frequencies of stimulation were applied: 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4, 12.5 (Thompson, 1958). The cartilage on which the fibres of the medial muscle are inserted was fixed to the bottom of a 10 ml organ bath.…”

Section: Guinea-pig Atriamentioning

confidence: 99%

POSSIBLE ROLE OF a Β‐ADRENOCEPTOR IN THE REGULATION OF NORADRENALINE RELEASE BY NERVE STIMULATION THROUGH a POSITIVE FEED‐BACK MECHANISM

Adler‐Graschinsky

Langer

1975

British J Pharmacology

328

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The effects of isoprenaline, propranolol and phentolamine, were studied on tritiated noradrenaline overflow elicited by postganglionic nerve stimulation in guinea‐pig isolated atria. Isoprenaline (1.2 × 10−8) increased while propranolol (1.0 × 10‐7 M) reduced the overflow of tritiated noradrenaline evoked by nerve stimulation. These effects were less than those of phentolamine (3.1 × 10‐6 M), which increased by approximately three‐fold the overflow of [3 H] ‐noradrenaline elicited by nerve stimulation. Neuronal accumulation of tritiated noradrenaline in guinea‐pig atria was not affected by isoprenaline, propranolol or phentolamine at the concentrations employed in this study. Isoprenaline (1.2 × 10‐8 M) induced a positive chronotropic effect of about 80% of the maximum. On the other hand, propranolol produced a shift to the right in the frequency‐response curve to nerve stimulation and in the concentration‐response curve to exogenous noradrenaline in guinea‐pig atria. In the isolated nictitating membrane of the cat, the frequency‐response curve to nerve stimulation was not modified by propranolol, while in the presence of 3.9 × 10−6 m of N,‐2‐(2,6‐dimethylphenoxy)propyl‐N,N,N ‐trimethylammonium (β‐methyl‐TM 10) there was a shift to the right and a depression of slope. Neither propranolol nor β‐methyl‐TM 10 affected responses to exogenous noradrenaline. The effects of isoprenaline and of propranolol on transmitter release are compatible with the view that in addition to the presynaptic negative feed‐back mechanism for noradrenaline release by nerve stimulation mediated via α‐adrenoceptors a positive feed‐back mechanism exists in adrenergic nerve endings which is triggered through the activation of presynaptic β‐adrenoceptors.

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“…First, it has been reported to cause contraction in the cat nictitating membrane (Thomson, 1958), the sheep umbilical artery (Dyer & Gant, 1973) and the rat and cat anococcygeus muscles (Gillespie & McGrath, 1974a). Secondly, LSD can inhibit the motor response to field stimulation of nerves in the rat and guinea-pig vas deferens (Ambache, Dunk, Verney & Aboo Zar, 1973) and recently this observation has been extended to the rat anococcygeus muscle (Ambache, Killick, Srinivason & Aboo Zar, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide on the Response to Field Stimulation of the Rat Vas Deferens and the Rat and Cat Anococcygeus Muscles

Gillespie

McGrath

1975

British J Pharmacology

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1 The effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the response to field stimulation in vitro of the rat vas deferens and anococcygeus muscle was examined.2 LSD in concentrations from 109 to 1 -6 M caused an increase in tone or rhythmic activity in both tissues, effects identical to those produced by guanethidine or tyramine. The motor effects of all three drugs were abolished by phentolamine 2 x 10-6 M. Methysergide 2 x 10-7 M given before LSD reduced the motor effect but was ineffective once the LSD contraction had developed.3 LSD 10-9 to 10-6 M reduced and eventually abolished the response to motor adrenergic nerve stimulation in the anococcygeus muscle with no effect on the response to noradrenaline (NA) and no evidence of differential sensitivity according to the number of stimulating pulses. In the vas deferens LSD abolished the initial twitch component with no effect on the secondary slow contraction. LSD had no effect on the response to inhibitory nerve stimulation in the anococcygeus. 4 These results suggest that in the anococcygeus LSD closely resembles guanethidine in its effects as an adrenergic neurone blocking drug with indirect sympathomimetic actions. In the vas deferens these properties would explain the block of the initial twitch component in the motor response to field stimulation and the increase in rhythmic activity but do not explain the resistance of the secondary slow component of the motor response.

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Studies on the responses of the isolated nictitating membrane of the cat

Cited by 112 publications

References 18 publications

An Effect of Histamine on the Nictitating Membrane of the Cat: Potentiation of the Actions of Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine*

An Effect of Histamine on the Nictitating Membrane of the Cat: Potentiation of the Actions of Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine*

POSSIBLE ROLE OF a Β‐ADRENOCEPTOR IN THE REGULATION OF NORADRENALINE RELEASE BY NERVE STIMULATION THROUGH a POSITIVE FEED‐BACK MECHANISM

The Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide on the Response to Field Stimulation of the Rat Vas Deferens and the Rat and Cat Anococcygeus Muscles

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