Studies on the production of beef from zebu cattle in East Africa I. A description of the Muguga herd

Lampkin, G. H.; Lampkin, K. Meidie

doi:10.1017/s0021859600022619

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The general description of the zebu herd, its environment, management and the experimental design has been given by Lampkin & Lampkin (1960), and in the first of these two papers (Carles & Lampkin, 1977).…”

Section: The Experimental Herdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the permanent incisor eruption, and body development, of the Large East African Zebu (Boran): 2. Relations of incisor eruption with body growth, body development, and carcass composition

Carles

Lampkin

1977

J. Agric. Sci.

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A comparison was made of the growth curves for early and late eruptors (steers whose eruption age of the first incisor pair was less than the mean, and greater than the mean respectively). From birth to 195 weeks early eruptors were consistently heavier than late eruptors (P < 0-01) by approximately 4 % of the overall mean body weight. Growth was linear from birth up to 126 weeks of age, and the variability increased markedly from about 60 weeks of age.The average daily gain from birth to 195 weeks was 341 g. Linear growth-rates for consecutive stages within this period were generally faster for early eruptors, with the differences ranging between 4 and 6 % of the mean for periods exceeding 60 weeks. Comparison of these differences showed that linear growth-rates were only significantly different for growth periods of approximately 120 weeks and longer. When the specific growth-rates were compared no differences were significant.The differences between the growth rates of fast and slow eruptors (steers whose eruption period was less than the mean, and greater than the mean respectively) were not significant, both for linear and specific growth rates.Early eruptors had larger heads (head length x head width) relative to body weight (P < 0-05), indicating eruption at an earlier stage of body development. Also early eruptors had longer narrower heads, suggesting slower maturation rates.Partial correlations between eruption age and head length varied from 0-37 to 0-74 (P < 0-01) showing a close relation with stage of head development. Partial correlations with other measures of skeletal development showed that they were of negligible importance relative to head development.Relations between eruption age of the first incisor pair and six measures of carcass composition were negligible, as none of the partial regression coefficients was significant.TMTT?r»T)TTPTTO' Nr arise from the widespread use of the chronology of incisor eruption for determining the age of rumiThe first of these two papers described the nants. Probably the major instance of this is with chronology of permanent incisor eruption and carcass grading systems that put a premium on examined the sources of variation. Another matter reaching a certain stage of development before a of considerable interest but for which there is little particular stage in the eruption process: it is information at present, is the relations that exist assumed that eruption solely measures chronobetween the eruption pattern and body growth and logical age, and that any correlated effects with development. In addition to the need to clarify carcass composition are negligible, but this has not these relations in order to understand more fully been confirmed, the eruption process, there are the implications that Studies of the relations with body growth have

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Section: The Experimental Herdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the permanent incisor eruption, and body development, of the Large East African Zebu (Boran): 2. Relations of incisor eruption with body growth, body development, and carcass composition

Carles

Lampkin

1977

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Most of the previously reported assay procedures are based on depolymerization of paraldehyde by acid and heat to its monomer, acetaldehyde, which is then measured by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection [13][14][15]. Lampkin [13] reported a GLC method for determination of paraldehyde in pharmaceutical preparations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lampkin [13] reported a GLC method for determination of paraldehyde in pharmaceutical preparations. Although the method only involves dilution of the paraldehyde sample prior to analysis of its paraldehyde content, this assay may be unsuitable for analyzing biological samples, which may require clean up before injection onto the chromatograph.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these assay procedures are based on depolymerization of paraldehyde by acid and heat to its monomer, acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is then measured by oxidimetric titration [9], colorimetry [10], UV spectrophotometry [11], coupled enzymatic reduction [12], or gas chromatography with flame ionization detection [13][14][15]. Gas chromatography has also been used to quantify intact paraldehyde in biological fluids by direct injection [16,17] and deproteinization of serum using ultrafiltration followed by wide-bore capillary gas chromatography [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of paraldehyde by gas chromatography in whole blood from children

Githiga

Muchohi

Ogutu

et al. 2004

Journal of Chromatography B

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“…An increasing plane of nutrition at fertilization is positively correlated with conception, e.g. Thus, Lampkin, Howard and Burdin (1961) showed that supplementing the diet of phosphorus deficient Zebu cattle in Kenya with dicalcium phosphate showed little improvement in fertility. Many nutritional factors, notably some of the micronutrients involved in energy metabolism or supply -magnesium, iodine -are often implicated as possible causes of infertility (McDowell, 1976).…”

Section: (D) Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2.1 Methods of alleviating the deleterious effects of tropical climates on animal production

Richards

1981

BSAP Occas. Publ.

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INTRODUCTIONAs a consequence of the rapidly expanding population and the general recognition of the need for more efficient food production in the less developed countries, there is currently much interest in the establishment of intensive animal production units therein. However, traditional animal production enterprises in these countries, particularly in those with hot humid climates, are noted for their low productivity and poor reproductive rates. Consequently, only a few of the intensive units established in these locations have been successful. The most common factors associated with this failure are, inexperience in 'farming' animals, mismanagement, inappropriate animal types, inadequate housing and planning and ignorance of the deleterious effects of tropical environments on animals and production systems and on means of alleviating them.Ever since animals were domesticated, man realized that climatic changes resulted in dramatic influences on their behaviour and performance. In an attempt to ameliorate these effects, enormous energy has since been expended in the developed world in modifying traditional housing, feeding and management practices. However, the problems faced by animals in the tropics are particularly difficult, especially in the low income countries, not only because they are exposed to periods of extremely hot/humid weather but also because financial constraints have precluded the employment of many of the available methods of ameliorating the effects of climate on production. Clearly, the fate of many of these nations will depend on man's ability to overcome these difficulties. Thus far, research and development efforts have been mainly concerned with: * the importation of high producing animals or their genes from temperate regions, crossing them with tropically adapted species and subsequently selecting those that are adaptable and productive; * designing suitable housing to counteract the rigours of climate; and * developing the most efficient ways of animal management and feeding.The object of this paper is to briefly describe the physiological and productive responses of animals maintained in hot environments and to categorise the practical methods currently available of alleviating the depressive effects. The majority of the work quoted will relate to cattle. RESPONSE OF CATTLE TO HOT/HUMID TROPICAL.CLIMATESClimate is one of many features of the tropical environment which limit animal production; others include nutrition, endo-and ecto-parasites, disease, soil fertility, etc. (McDowell, 1968). The depressive effects of tropical climates are very difficult to quantify because they reflect responses to four factors: * to the direct effect of diurnal heat loads -various combinations of solar radiation, environmental temperature, relative humidity, wind, rainfall and oxygen tension (altitude) -on the energy needs of the animal; 58 RICHARDS * to the indirect effects of heat loads on the type, amount, availability and quality of feed and water, the prevalence of disease, helminth load, ...

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Studies on the production of beef from zebu cattle in East Africa I. A description of the Muguga herd

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Studies of the permanent incisor eruption, and body development, of the Large East African Zebu (Boran): 2. Relations of incisor eruption with body growth, body development, and carcass composition

Studies of the permanent incisor eruption, and body development, of the Large East African Zebu (Boran): 2. Relations of incisor eruption with body growth, body development, and carcass composition

Determination of paraldehyde by gas chromatography in whole blood from children

2.1 Methods of alleviating the deleterious effects of tropical climates on animal production

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