Studies on the Merox process: kinetics of N-butyl mercaptan oxidation

Leitão, Anabela; Rodrigues, Alírio E.

doi:10.1016/0009-2509(89)87023-x

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…S in turn depends on gas hold up, e g , and bubble diameter, d BM , as shown in Eq. (21). It is evident that significant e g and small d BM are desirable as it leads to increased S. Gas hold-up is influenced by v g and P c .…”

Section: Laboratory Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To be able to determine the true kinetics representing industrial conditions, it is necessary to establish hydrodynamics which ensures maximum transport of oxygen to the bulk. Substantial literature is available on mass transfer effects and reaction kinetics studies on thiol oxidation by Van de Vusse [20], Pal and Sharma [25], Leitao and Rodrigues [21], Xia et al [22,26,27], Ganguly et al [16,[28][29][30][31], and Ehsani et al [23,32]. They studied the mass transfer, kinetics, and mechanism of catalytic co-oxidation of pure and mixed thiols (ethanethiol, iso-propanethiol, 1-butanethiol, 1-octanethiol, and 2-methyl-2-propanethiol) in gas-liquid and gas-solid-liquid systems.…”

Section: Gas Liquid Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For fast reactions, g > 2, for slow reactions, g ranges from 0.02 to 2, whereas for very slow reactions, g < 0.02 [19]. In the case of thiol oxidation for uncatalysed or catalysed reactions with low catalyst concentrations, g was estimated to fall in the range of 0.05 to 1.758 and, hence, it is a slow reaction [20][21][22][23]. In such cases, reaction happens both in the film and bulk.…”

Section: Gas Liquid Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Gas‐Liquid Reactions in Light Oil Sweetening: Kinetics and Reactor Design Aspects

et al. 2014

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Thiols in liquefied petroleum gas are undesirable due to their foul odor and corrosive nature. The process of removing these thiols is termed as sweetening. Metal phthalocyanines are reported to be the most effective sweetening catalyst. However, the solubility of metal phthalocyanine is low in aqueous medium. Thus, in an effort to further improve upon the existing catalysts, a novel cobalt phthalocyanine sulfonamide catalyst was developed. Laboratory and commercial evaluation of this catalyst showed enhanced activity as compared to a commercial catalyst with comparable stability. With proven higher activity, comparable stability, design of grass root oxidizer using this catalyst is the next step. Design of oxidizers for an extractive sweetening process based on this catalyst in grass root refineries requires a rigorous kinetic model. The paper reviews the literature on sweetening kinetics and focuses on the concepts of design of laboratory reactors for reaction kinetics studies for such gas-liquid reactions. Laboratory reactor systems can be useful for accurate estimation of kinetic parameters which can then be used to design industrial reactors and predict their performance.

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Section: Laboratory Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Gas Liquid Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gas Liquid Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Gas‐Liquid Reactions in Light Oil Sweetening: Kinetics and Reactor Design Aspects

et al. 2014

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“…The reduction of LPG sulfur has been considered to be an important means for improving air quality. [1][2][3] A number of solutions, such as Merox process, 4,5 have been suggested to reduce sulfur in LPG, but none of them have been proven to be ideal. Traditionally, hydrotreating process is the most effective technology used for removal of organic sulfurs present in industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquefied petroleum gas desulfurization by HTBN/PAN composite membrane

Chen

Han

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene/acrylonitrile (HTBN) polymer material was selected for deep desulfurization of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) according to the solubility parameter method, and then crosslinked HTBN membranes were prepared, in which asymmetric polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes prepared with phase inversion method acted as the microporous supporting layer in the flat-plate composite membrane. The different function compositions of composite membranes were characterized by reflection FTIR in order to investigate the crosslinking reaction. The surface and section of composite membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The composite membranes prepared in this study were used in LPG for deep desulfurization. Effects of amount of HTBN and operation pressure on the desulfurization efficiency of LPG were investigated experimentally. Experiment results demonstrated that with the membrane having a HTBN layer of 11 lm, permeability parameter of methyl mercaptan came to 17,002 Barrer and that of hydrocarbon came to 504 Barrer at 30 wt % of HTBN and 0.25 MPa, which showed that the membrane used to desulfurization in LPG can achieve high-removal efficiency. These results demonstrated that the membrane separation method could be significant in practical application for deep desulfurization of LPG.

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“…Phthalocyanine complexes are known to be more robust materials and cobalt phthalocyanine catalysts are used for mercaptan oxidations in the petroleum industry (17). Phthalocyanine complexes, however, are not very hydrocarbon soluble nor very active for low temperature alkane oxidation.…”

Section: Azido and Perhalo Phthalocvanine Comdexes A S Air-oxidation mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversion of light alkanes: Quarterly report, January 1-March 31, 1992

Biscardi¹,

Bowden²,

Durante³

et al. 1997

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Studies on the Merox process: kinetics of N-butyl mercaptan oxidation

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

A Review on Gas‐Liquid Reactions in Light Oil Sweetening: Kinetics and Reactor Design Aspects

A Review on Gas‐Liquid Reactions in Light Oil Sweetening: Kinetics and Reactor Design Aspects

Liquefied petroleum gas desulfurization by HTBN/PAN composite membrane

Catalytic conversion of light alkanes: Quarterly report, January 1-March 31, 1992

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