Studies on the mechanisms of mucous cell depletion in experimental colitis

Kaftan, S. M.; Wright, Nicholas A.

doi:10.1002/path.1711590115

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, loss of goblet cells in the vicinity of lesions [28] was accompanied by an increase in Muc2 mRNA and fractional synthesis rate of mucins. The contradictory results of apparent mucus cell depletion combined with increased mucus production and mucus cell turnover in two models of experimental colitis in guinea pigs [29] was explained by the premature discharge of mucin making the mucus cells unrecognizable by light microscopy. These results explain why an increase in mucus production in colitis may occur even in the presence of mucus cell depletion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

iNOS-Dependent Increase in Colonic Mucus Thickness in DSS-Colitic Rats

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AimTo investigate colonic mucus thickness in vivo in health and during experimental inflammatory bowel disease.MethodsColitis was induced with 5% DSS in drinking water for 8 days prior to experiment, when the descending colonic mucosa of anesthetized rats was studied using intravital microscopy. Mucus thickness was measured with micropipettes attached to a micromanipulator. To assess the contributions of NOS and prostaglandins in the regulation of colonic mucus thickness, the non-selective NOS-inhibitor L-NNA (10 mg/kg bolus followed by 3 mg/kg/h), the selective iNOS-inhibitor L-NIL (10 mg/kg bolus followed by 3 mg/kg/h) and the non-selective COX-inhibitor diclofenac (5 mg/kg) were administered intravenously prior to experiment. To further investigate the role of iNOS in the regulation of colonic mucus thickness, iNOS −/− mice were used.ResultsColitic rats had a thicker firmly adherent mucus layer following 8 days of DSS treatment than untreated rats (88±2 µm vs 76±1 µm). During induction of colitis, the thickness of the colonic mucus layer initially decreased but was from day 3 significantly thicker than in untreated rats. Diclofenac reduced the mucus thickness similarly in colitic and untreated rats (−16±5 µm vs −14±2 µm). While L-NNA had no effect on colonic mucus thickness in DSS or untreated controls (+3±2 µm vs +3±1 µm), L-NIL reduced the mucus thickness significantly more in colitic rats than in controls (−33±4 µm vs −10±3 µm). The importance of iNOS in regulating the colonic mucus thickness was confirmed in iNOS−/− mice, which had thinner colonic mucus than wild-type mice (35±3 µm vs 50±2 µm, respectively). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed increased levels of iNOS in the colonic surface epithelium following DSS treatment.ConclusionBoth prostaglandins and nitric oxide regulate basal colonic mucus thickness. During onset of colitis, the thickness of the mucus layer is initially reduced followed by an iNOS mediated increase.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

iNOS-Dependent Increase in Colonic Mucus Thickness in DSS-Colitic Rats

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mucin hypersecretion is a well-known man ifestation of colitis [29], which might suggest that this phe nomenon is simply due to a washout effect of mucin. However, if this was true, all strains of bacteria should decrease equally, which was not the case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of Bacterial Flora in Human Ulcerative Colitis and Experimental Colitis in the Rat

Fabia¹,

Ar'Rajab²,

Johansson³

et al. 1993

Digestion

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in the colonic mucosa-associated microflora were determinated both in patients with active and inactive ulcerative colitis and in rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. In patients with active ulcerative colitis, significant decreases in the number of anaerobic bacteria (Brain Heart Infusion medium), anaerobic gram-negatives and Lactobacillus were found, whereas no changes were seen in the number of aerobic bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. In patients with inactive ulcerative colitis, no significant differences in colonic mucosa-associated microflora could be demonstrated. Similar changes were seen in rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. Thus, 4 days after acetic acid administration, at which time the colitis was well developed as evaluated by morphological appearance and myeloperoxidase activity, reduction in the number of anaerobic bacteria and Lactobacillus was seen. The first day after acetic acid administration, when the colitis had not developed, or after 14 days, when the colitis had been overcome, no alterations were seen in the mucosa-associated microflora as compared with control rats. We conclude that a reduction in the number of anaerobic bacteria and Lactobacillus is a common feature in active colitis regardless of the origin of colitis.

show abstract

“…The mucus serves to buffer cells against abrasion by luminal contents and to create a microclimate near the epithelial surface (Halm & Halm, 2000). In colon from guinea pigs with experimental colitis, the depletion of mucus was due to less mucus in goblet cells rather than a decrease in goblet cell number (Kaftan & Wright, 1989). In addition to mucus depletion, the composition of colonic mucus is altered in ulcerative colitis (Podolsky et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrarectal Dehydroleucodine Suppresses Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid–Induced Colitis in Rats, A Model for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Wendel¹,

María²,

Domínguez³

et al. 2007

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dehydroleucodine (DhL), isolated from Artemisia douglasiana Besser (Asteraceae), prevents damage in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. The trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced model of chronic inflammation of the rat colon was used to determine the efficacy of DhL, at dose of 40 mg=kg, administered in enema form. All rats were sacrificed on day 7 and the colon excised, weighed, and rated macroscopically. Sections of colon were processed for light microscopy. Macroscopic scoring showed a decrease (p < 0.001) in the degree of damage in the DhL group compared with the group of rats treated with TNBS. Colon mass decreased (p < 0.05) in the DhL group compared with the TNBS group. Treatment with DhL resulted in a reduction in the incidence of diarrhea. Light-microscopic examination revealed preservation of mucosal architecture in the DhL-treated rats. DhL had an effective healing capacity at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. We conclude that DhL decreases injury and=or promotes healing in this model.

show abstract

Studies on the mechanisms of mucous cell depletion in experimental colitis

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

iNOS-Dependent Increase in Colonic Mucus Thickness in DSS-Colitic Rats

iNOS-Dependent Increase in Colonic Mucus Thickness in DSS-Colitic Rats

Impairment of Bacterial Flora in Human Ulcerative Colitis and Experimental Colitis in the Rat

Intrarectal Dehydroleucodine Suppresses Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid–Induced Colitis in Rats, A Model for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About