Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Black/Halloysite Nanotube Hybrid Fillers in Nitrile Rubber Nanocomposites

Senthivel, K.; Manikandan, K.; Prabu, B.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2015.07.118

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The ascertained prominent shift signifies the formation of limited intercalated structures and can be ascribed to (i) inter tubular diffusion of particles of CB and ACM rubber into lumen of HNT and (ii) curatives adsorption in the galleries of HNT. Analogous results are confirmed in the studies on NBR and NBR/PVC composites reinforced with HNT and CB fillers 14–16 and HNT filled EPDM composites. 27 However the absence of peaks in the XRD curve of CB filled ACM composite within the range of 2θ of 1–15° can be attributed to the amorphous nature of ACM rubber and the characteristic length of CB ordering beyond such range respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The authors in their earlier reports have presented that substantial HNT-CB interactions have resulted in better mechanical properties, solvent resistance, dynamic mechanical characteristics and thermal stability in nitrile rubber and NBR/PVC rubber composites. 14–16 Thepsuwan et al 17 have reported exceptional wet skid performance and fuel consumption efficiency in SBR Compounds filled with CB/silica/HNT hybrid fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on the mechanical and ageing properties of acrylic rubber reinforced halloysite nanotubes/carbon black hybrid composites

Senthilvel¹,

Rathinam

Prabu

et al. 2020

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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In the present research, acrylic rubber (ACM) composites containing Carbon black (CB) of 70 phr alone and five different ACM hybrid nanocomposites containing a fixed content of CB (60 phr) and varied content of halloysite nanotubes (HNT) (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 phr) were prepared by melt-blending on a open twin roll mill. The prepared composites were examined for their microstructure, physical and mechanical properties, hot air and hot oil ageing resistance. Studies revealed that addition of HNT in CB filled ACM composites resulted in superior mechanical properties, improved swelling resistance and augmented impedance to oxidation and hot oil compared to ACM containing CB alone. Further ACM composites with 6 phr of HNT demonstrated an enhancement of 31.49%, 16.15%, 39.65%, 6.39% and 28.06% respectively in stress at break, % elongation at rupture, modulus at 100% elongation, resistance to crack propagation and solvent uptake. Further the same sample exhibited retention of stress at break and elongation at rupture of 99% and 92%, 98% and 89%, 94% and 96% respectively in hot air, in IRM 901 oil and in IRM 903 oil respectively. Studies on the microstructure revealed the formation of HNT-ACM-CB intercalated structures. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirmed the establishment of bonding of hydrogen amidst the tubular nanofiller and the ACM rubber. Field emission scanning electron microscopy studies divulged the intercalation of tubular filler by ACM rubber, black filler and curing constituents and development of local HNT-CB network. These studies prove that partial replacement of traditional CB filler with tubular HNT is a promising approach to produce ACM composites with superior mechanical, thermo-oxidative ageing and hot oil ageing properties.[Formula: see text]

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the mechanical and ageing properties of acrylic rubber reinforced halloysite nanotubes/carbon black hybrid composites

Senthilvel¹,

Rathinam

Prabu

et al. 2020

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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“…Poikelispaa et al demonstrated improved mechanical properties and better wet skid resistance in natural rubber‐butadiene rubber blends through replacement of CB with plasma modified HNTs. In their previous work, the authors have demonstrated that strong NBR–CB–HNT interactions allow efficient load transfers leading to better mechanical properties in NBR nanocomposites .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Mechanical Behavior, Solvent Resistance and Thermal Degradation of Nitrile Rubber Composites With Carbon Black‐Halloysite Nanotube Hybrid Fillers

Krishnamurthy

Balakrishnan

2018

Polymer Composites

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In this work, nitrile rubber (NBR) conventional composites containing 70 phr carbon black (CB) is taken for study. New NBR hybrid composites containing 60 phr of CB and varied halloysite nanotube (HNT) loading of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 phr were developed. Experimental investigations were carried out to study the synergistic effect of CB and HNT on the dynamical mechanical properties, solvent resistance, thermal stability and degradation kinetics of NBR hybrid composites. Morphological analysis using X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed the presence of intercalated structures and formation of local CB‐HNT filler network in the NBR matrix. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of hybrid composites were raised with the addition of HNT which indicates strong interfacial adhesion between NBR–CB–HNT. Dynamic mechanical analysis and solvent uptake studies revealed that replacement of 10 phr CB by 6 phr HNT in hybrid composites improved the storage modulus by 44% at 30°C and solvent resistance by 29%, respectively. Most importantly, the incorporation of HNT could effectively improve the thermal stability of the NBR hybrid composites according to thermogravimetric analysis and oxidation induction time studies. The activation energy of the thermal decomposition of the hybrid composites increased with the addition of HNT. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:E1612–E1621, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…A polymer composite is a multi-phase material with its polymer matrix integrated with reinforcing fillers to enhance the final product’s mechanical properties [ 102 , 103 ]. The incorporation of low-cost recycled fillers such as fiber [ 104 , 105 ], carbon black, and silica in rubber [ 106 , 107 ] into the polymer is currently a hot research topic of reducing conventional fillers’ usage. For waste rock wool, a study depicted agglomerated milled waste rock wool (with diameter 1–3 µm and length 8–200 µm) as a particular filler into a different type of polyethylene polymer: high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, recycled high-density polyethylene, and recycled low-density polyethylene [ 108 ].…”

Section: Repurposing As Fillers In Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Mineral Wool and Its Opportunities—A Review

et al. 2021

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Massive waste rock wool was generated globally and it caused substantial environmental issues such as landfill and leaching. However, reviews on the recyclability of waste rock wool are scarce. Therefore, this study presents an in-depth review of the characterization and potential usability of waste rock wool. Waste rock wool can be characterized based on its physical properties, chemical composition, and types of contaminants. The review showed that waste rock wool from the manufacturing process is more workable to be recycled for further application than the post-consumer due to its high purity. It also revealed that the pre-treatment method—comminution is vital for achieving mixture homogeneity and enhancing the properties of recycled products. The potential application of waste rock wool is reviewed with key results emphasized to demonstrate the practicality and commercial viability of each option. With a high content of chemically inert compounds such as silicon dioxide (SiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) that improve fire resistance properties, waste rock wool is mainly repurposed as fillers in composite material for construction and building materials. Furthermore, waste rock wool is potentially utilized as an oil, water pollutant, and gas absorbent. To sum up, waste rock wool could be feasibly recycled as a composite material enhancer and utilized as an absorbent for a greener environment.

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Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Black/Halloysite Nanotube Hybrid Fillers in Nitrile Rubber Nanocomposites

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Investigation on the mechanical and ageing properties of acrylic rubber reinforced halloysite nanotubes/carbon black hybrid composites

Investigation on the mechanical and ageing properties of acrylic rubber reinforced halloysite nanotubes/carbon black hybrid composites

Dynamic Mechanical Behavior, Solvent Resistance and Thermal Degradation of Nitrile Rubber Composites With Carbon Black‐Halloysite Nanotube Hybrid Fillers

Waste Mineral Wool and Its Opportunities—A Review

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