Studies on the meat production characteristics of Botswana goats and sheep—Part I: Sampling, methods and materials, and measurements on the live animals

Owen, J.E.; Norman, G.A.; Fisher, Irvin L.; Frost, Rachel A.

doi:10.1016/0309-1740(77)90032-8

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The significant increase in body weight and linear traits with age is consistent with the studies of Owen et al (1977) and Katongole et al (1996) who reported these trends in Tswana goats. Such trends represent growth and development of farm animals as suggested by Butterfield (1988), where weight and other measurements increase with age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Such trends represent growth and development of farm animals as suggested by Butterfield (1988), where weight and other measurements increase with age. Management, especially poor disease and parasite control and poor nutrition during seasons of limited grazing would also contribute to differences between age groups (Owen et al 1977). More than 80% of Tswana sheep and goats is kept under traditional farming (Botswana Government 1999) characterized by inadequate nutrition for most part of the year and low veterinary care leading to poor productivity (Nsoso et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The estimation of live weight based on linear traits in indigenous Tswana goats at various ages in Botswana

Sebolai¹,

Nsoso²,

Podisi³

et al. 2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The objective of this study was to determine the usefulness of some linear body measurements in predicting live weight in indigenous Tswana goats at various ages. Data for this study were obtained from 2,783 goats sampled from six agricultural regions of Botswana except for Tsabong and Ghanzi districts. Fifteen farmers keeping goats were randomly selected from each district and records taken on a random sample of 4-12 animals per farm depending on the 1999 Botswana Government average district flock size. Body measurements recorded were heart girth, height at withers, body length, shoulder width, and live weight. Information on age of each animal was estimated from dentition; flock size and sex of the animal were also recorded for each farm. Regression analysis using stepwise selection method in Statistical Analysis System was used to determine prediction equations for live weight with heart girth, height at withers, body length, and shoulder width as independent variables for male and female goats of different ages. In all models, heart girth contributed most in explaining variation in body weight as shown by high partial R(2) which ranged from 0.48 for female mature to 0.80 for mature male goats. Using mean square error, R(2), and Mallows' C(p), the best prediction equations were for female and male kids (R(2) = 0.83 and 0.82, respectively) and mature male goats (R(2) = 0.82). The poorest model was for mature female goats with R(2) = 0.57. Live body weight could be estimated with accuracy from linear body measurements in Tswana goats which are unique for each sex and age. More research is required to explore using these models to develop measuring tapes for use by resource poor farmers who keep indigenous Tswana goats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The estimation of live weight based on linear traits in indigenous Tswana goats at various ages in Botswana

Sebolai¹,

Nsoso²,

Podisi³

et al. 2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…The interrelationships between linear body dimensions and BW of goats and sheep in Botswana have been investigated (Owen et al, 1977;Worman et al, 1990;Nsoso et al, 2003;Sebolai et al, 2012). Owen et al (1977) used linear regression models to estimate the relationship between live weight and HG for castrated indigenous goats and sheep in southern Botswana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owen et al (1977) used linear regression models to estimate the relationship between live weight and HG for castrated indigenous goats and sheep in southern Botswana. They found a higher degree of correlation between the two variables in goats than in sheep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using path analysis to predict bodyweight from body measurements of goats and sheep of communal rangelands in Botswana

et al. 2017

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The objective of this study was to determine the practicality of using linear body measurement traits to predict live weight of goats and sheep under communal grazing in three districts of Botswana, namely Central, Kweneng, and Kgalagadi. Pairwise (Pearson) correlations were estimated using bodyweight (BW) and morphological trait measurements, namely heart girth (HG), shoulder height (SH), and body condition score (BCS) for a sample of 1447 goats and 588 sheep. These ranged from 0.19 to 0.94 for goats and 0.44 to 0.94 for sheep, and were statistically significant. In both animals, regardless of sex, the highest positive correlations were found between BW and HG, followed by BW and SH, then BW and BCS. The direct and indirect relationship between BW and morphological traits using a path analysis approach were also estimated. This analysis suggested that the direct effect of HG on BW was higher at 0.761 for male and 0.662 for female goats, respectively. Similarly, the direct effect of HG on BW was higher among sheep at 0.764 for males and 0.882 for females. The direct effects of SH in all the animals were also positively influenced by BW. It was concluded that among these three morphological traits, the most valuable for estimating the BW for goats and sheep in Botswana is HG, followed by SH. BCS was found non-significant. Path analysis therefore has an advantage over previous empirical studies by providing more detailed information on the relationships (direct and indirect) between these variables. A further implication of this study is that a conversion table could be constructed to help smallholder farmers to estimate the live weight of their sheep and goats from linear measurements. This would aid in the management and marketing of their livestock.

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“…The fill was subtracted from the slaughter weight to obtain the empty body weight (EBW). The tail base width was measured according to Owen et al (1977) and then removed at its articulation and weighed. Kidneys and the kidney knob channel fat (KKCF) were removed and weighed separately.…”

Section: Animals Slaughteredmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of feeding groundnut hay and concentrates on some carcass characteristics of Sudanese Desert lambs (tribal subtypes Hamari and Kabashi) in North Kordofan State, Sudan

Ali¹,

Abdella²,

Elimam³

et al. 2015

GJAS

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Twelve Desert lambs; six Hamari tribal subtype and similar number of Kabashi subtype) were used in the experiment. Their age was four months with average weight of 25.25 Kg. Six lambs (three from each subtype, received a fattening ration and the other six lambs were kept on natural grazing (control). At the end of the experimental period of 60 days all lambs were slaughtered for studying meat characteristics. Slaughter weight (SWt.), empty body weight (EBW) and hot carcass weight of pen fed lambs had considerably higher values (P <0.01) compared to free grazing animals. In addition, the dressing percentage (D %), Longissmus dorsi (L. dorsi) muscle area and the width of tail base followed the same trend. Kabashi lambs showed greater values (P <0.01) for most carcass traits compared with Hamari ones. Also pen fed lambs had higher (P <0.01) percentages of fat and muscle in carcass and a decreased percentage of bone compared to the free grazing animals. Kabashi lambs, especially the pen fed, had higher percentages (P<0.01) for fat and lean whereas Hamari animals on the same feed had the highest (P <0.01) total bone percentage. Subtype and feeding system had significant effects on D %, L. dorsi muscle area and tail base. Higher values (P <0.01) for these parameters were noticed in pen fed Kabashi lambs. Also subtype × feeding system interactions had significant (P<0.01) effects on D %, L. dorsi muscle area and tail base width.

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Studies on the meat production characteristics of Botswana goats and sheep—Part I: Sampling, methods and materials, and measurements on the live animals

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

The estimation of live weight based on linear traits in indigenous Tswana goats at various ages in Botswana

The estimation of live weight based on linear traits in indigenous Tswana goats at various ages in Botswana

Using path analysis to predict bodyweight from body measurements of goats and sheep of communal rangelands in Botswana

The effect of feeding groundnut hay and concentrates on some carcass characteristics of Sudanese Desert lambs (tribal subtypes Hamari and Kabashi) in North Kordofan State, Sudan

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