Studies on the Kinetics of Epoxidation of the Methyl Esters of Parkia Biglobosa Seed Oil

Ikhuoria, Esther U.; Obuleke, R. O.; Okieimen, F. E.

doi:10.1080/10601320601031424

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Firstly, as shown in Scheme 2, low selectivity results from the side reactions, such as ring opening of the epoxides that causes the formation of by-products such as diols, hydroxy esters, estolides, and other dimers. 16,[121][122][123] Secondly, neutralization of the corrosive, strong inorganic acid and aqueous carboxylic acids in the reaction medium yield massive amounts of salt and this gives one surplus obstacle. 121,124 Also, the reaction is highly exothermic (DH ¼ À55 kcal mol À1 for each carbon-carbon double bond), which can cause thermal runaway.…”

Section: Homogeneous Catalytic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic developments in the epoxidation of vegetable oils and the analysis methods of epoxidized products

et al. 2019

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Section: Homogeneous Catalytic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic developments in the epoxidation of vegetable oils and the analysis methods of epoxidized products

et al. 2019

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“…The spectra of the material were obtained using an IR spectrometer (Pelkin Elmer Frontier GladiATR, Pike Technology, Madison, WI, USA) scanning over the surface of the sample in the range of 4000-400 cm −1 . Table 2 shows the band of synthetic epoxy, amines, and jatropha bio-epoxy with its corresponding functional group [15][16][17]. Table 2.…”

Section: Ft-ir/atr Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Flammability Characteristics of Blended Jatropha Bio-Epoxy as Matrix in Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Polymer

et al. 2019

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This purpose of this paper was to reveal characteristics of a composite structure containing carbon fiber as a reinforcement and blended synthetic epoxy/bio-epoxy derived from crude jatropha oil as resin and compared with fully synthetic epoxy. The composite structure was prepared by the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique and was left to cure for 24 h at room temperature. Both were characterized for their thermal, chemical, and flammable characteristics. The incorporation of jatropha bio-epoxy into the matrix significantly improved the thermal stability between 288–365 °C as obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) curves showed slight diminution of performances and Tg from DMA tests confirmed well with the trend of Tg obtain by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves. On the other hand, the flammability property was rated horizontal burning (HB) which was the same as the fully synthetic composite, but the duration to self-extinguish was halved for the composite with jatropha bio-epoxy. Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) was conducted to determine the difference of functional groups’ spectrum due to bonding type existing on both specimens. Overall, the composite specimen with blended bio-epoxy exhibited better thermal stability, comparable flammability characteristics, and performances. The aim of this paper was to introduce bio-based epoxy as a potential alternative epoxy and to compete with synthetic epoxy so as to minimize the footprint of non-renewable composite.

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“…Some authors have studied the influence of different reaction parameters on the level of epoxidation of soybean oil with immobilized Candida Antarctica Lipase B (CALB) as the catalyst;12 the parameters studied in these studies were hydrogen peroxide concentration, amount of fatty acid added to the mixture, temperature, enzyme activity, and solvent type 13, 14. The reported results already show that the catalyst concentration and temperature are the most important factors influencing the degree of epoxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of a Bio‐Based Resin from Linseed Oil

Mahendran

Aust

Wuzella

et al. 2012

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: The use of renewable raw materials in the polymer industries is becoming increasingly popular because of environmental concerns and the need to substitute fossil resources. Plant oils with triglyceride backbones can be chemically modified and used to synthesize polymers from renewable resources (biopolymers). In the present study, linseed oil was epoxidized using a chemo‐enzymatic method based on Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) as a biocatalyst and the modified linseed oil was cured using maleinated linseed oil and a commercial polyamide resin. The amount of epoxidation achieved depended on the amount of lipase used and was determined by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. With 20% (weight per weight) catalyst concentration based on the wt % of oil a degree of epoxidation of > 90% was achieved. The cross‐linking reaction of epoxidized linseed oil with the maleinated linseed oil and the polyamide resin was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC traces showed that an increase in epoxidation degree lead to larger values for the exothermic enthalpy integrals of the curing reactions and hence to a higher reactivity of the linseed oil towards the cross‐linking agents.

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Studies on the Kinetics of Epoxidation of the Methyl Esters of Parkia Biglobosa Seed Oil

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Catalytic developments in the epoxidation of vegetable oils and the analysis methods of epoxidized products

Catalytic developments in the epoxidation of vegetable oils and the analysis methods of epoxidized products

Thermal and Flammability Characteristics of Blended Jatropha Bio-Epoxy as Matrix in Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Polymer

Synthesis and Characterization of a Bio‐Based Resin from Linseed Oil

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