Studies on the Immune Response to a Characterized Antigenic Determinant of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus Protein

S̄pitler, Lynn E.; Benjamini, E.; Young, John P.; Kaplan, Harvey; Fudenberg, H. Hugh

doi:10.1084/jem.131.1.133

Cited by 76 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several investigators have demonstrated a correlation between delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity and inhibition of migration of cells from capillary tubes (15,(21)(22)(23). The findings with glucagon peptides are consistent with those of others inasmuch as each peptide which elicited a skin reaction also inhibited cell migration, and their effectiveness in the two assays showed a roughly quantitative correlation (Table II).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…However, we failed to find a correlation between skin reactivity or inhibitory capacity on the one hand, and the ability to transform cells in vitro on the other, since the NM peptide was decidedly active in the two former assays but exerted no palpable effect on DNA synthesis (Table III). This contrasts with several reports (21,24), but is in agreement with others which demonstrated a dissociation between these activities (23,25). It is unclear whether the activities represent different expressions by the same cells or expressions by different populations of cells.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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The Functional Dissection of an Antigen Molecule: Specificity of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to Glucagon

Senyk

Williams

Nitecki

et al. 1971

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

118

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Bovine glucagon, a polypeptide of 29 amino acids, was immunogenic in guinea pigs. The immunologic determinants of glucagon were investigated using isolated tryptic peptides of the hormone. Antibodies from virtually all of more than two dozen animals had specificity primarily for the amino-terminal heptadecapeptide (NM) and showed little or no binding with the carboxy-terminal undeca- and dodecapeptides (C). The smallest synthetic peptide of a series initiated at residue 16 which measurably bound antibody comprised residues 5–16 of glucagon. In cellular immune assays, both NM and C elicited delayed cutaneous reactions and inhibited the migration of peritoneal cells from immune animals. However, only intact glucagon and its C fragment stimulated lymphoid cells to synthesize DNA. While glucagon was somewhat more active than C, the addition of NM to C did not enhance its transforming activity. The smallest synthetic carboxy-terminal peptide with discernible transforming activity comprised residues 19–29 of glucagon. In both native and synthetic C peptide preparations, the undecapeptide was generally more active than the dodecapeptide, although cells from different animals gave different response patterns. The difference between the two is the presence of arginine at the amino-terminus of the peptide chain. Thus, the recognition specificity of populations of antigen-reactive cells from different animals displays a variation which is at least superficially analogous to that of populations of antibody molecules. In limited experiments using NM and C peptides as immunogens, neither gave rise to delayed hypersensitivity or to glucagon-binding circulating antibody, following a regimen which invariably provoked these responses when glucagon itself served as the immunogen. These results indicate that glucagon was cleaved by trypsin along functional lines into two parts, one of which housed the major antigenic determinant and the other of which carried the major immunogenic determinant, and they are highly compatible with a two-cell mechanism of immune induction. An apparent dissociation between the capacity to provoke delayed hypersensitivity reactions and to transform antigen-reactive cells in culture was observed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

The Functional Dissection of an Antigen Molecule: Specificity of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to Glucagon

Senyk

Williams

Nitecki

et al. 1971

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

118

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“…Both delayed skin reactions and lymphocyte transformation are reflections of cellular immunity which is known to be more exacting in its recognition of the immunizing antigen than is binding by humoral antibody (12,13). Since autologous or homologous IgG in either the aggregate-free or aggregated state caused no in vitro stimulation of lymphocytes from rheumatoid patients, rheumatoid factor may be induced by a different but structurally similar antigen or IgG in a form not exactly duplicated by heat aggregation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro responses to autologous IgG in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Runge

Mills

1971

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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The presence of rheumatoid factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis remains unexplained and may be etiologically important. An attempt has been made to determine whether patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis show basic immunologic responses to IgG. Various immunologic parameters of antigen recognition were measured in 9 patients and 3 controls. No immediate or delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity was noted to native or aggregated autologous IgG, nor could in vitro lymphocyte blast cell transformation be induced with these proteins. Rebuck skin windows showed no unusual responsiveness to native IgG. The negative results indicate that either IgG is not the immunogen responsible for rheumatoid factor or that patients with rheumatoid arthritis retain a state of partial tolerance. Evidence supporting the concept that rheumatoid factor may interfere with the phlogistic potential of aggregated γ‐globulin was also found.

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“…Studies showing a dissociation between antigen-induced mediator production in one cell population and proliferation in another population deserve further exploration with a common cell population (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Compartmentalization of Antigen-Reactive Lymphocytes in Desensitized Guinea Pigs

Schlossman

Levin

Rocklin

et al. 1971

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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A single injection of ϵ,DNP-Lys7–10 can render previously sensitized guinea pigs specifically unreactive to subsequent intradermal challenge with that antigen. Antigen-reactive lymphocytes, as assayed by macrophage-migration in-inhibition or thymidine incorporation, were depleted from the peritoneal exudates of those animals. In contrast, it was intriguing to find that lymph node lymphocytes from such animals responded normally in the antigen-induced thymidine incorporation assay. These studies demonstrate a compartmentalization of antigen-reactive lymphocytes in desensitized animals which may account for the short-lived nature of this phenomenon.

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Studies on the Immune Response to a Characterized Antigenic Determinant of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus Protein

Cited by 76 publications

References 27 publications

The Functional Dissection of an Antigen Molecule: Specificity of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to Glucagon

The Functional Dissection of an Antigen Molecule: Specificity of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to Glucagon

In vivo and in vitro responses to autologous IgG in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

The Compartmentalization of Antigen-Reactive Lymphocytes in Desensitized Guinea Pigs

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