Studies on theIn VitroAntiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activities Associated withChrysanthemum coronariumEssential Oil

Abstract

The essential oil of the Jordanian Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (garland) was isolated by hydrodistillation from dried flowerheads material. The oil was essayed for its in vitro scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results demonstrate that the oil exhibits moderate radical scavenging activity relative to the strong antioxidant ascorbic acid. In addition, cholinesterase inhibitory activity of C. coronarium essential oil was evaluated for the first time. Applying Ellman's colorimetric method, interesting cholinesterase inhibitory activity, which is not dose dependent, was evident for the oil. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities of the oil against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were evaluated. While it fails to inhibit Gram-negative bacteria growth, the antibacterial effects demonstrated by the oil were more pronounced against the Gram-positive strains. Moreover, the examined oil was assessed for its in vitro antiproliferative properties where it demonstrated variable activities towards different human cancer cell lines, of which the colon cancer was the most sensitive to the oil treatment.

Correlation between Antibacterial Activity and Free-Radical Scavenging: In-Vitro Evaluation of Polar/Non-Polar Extracts from 25 Plants

“…The antimicrobial activity of Ruta chalepensis L. was tested against four pathogenic bacteria-Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-and the findings indicate possible applications for the treatment of various infectious and noninfectious diseases [45]. The antibacterial effects of essential oil of Chrysanthemum coronarium demonstrated pronounced activity against gram-positive strains of bacteria: Bacillus subtilis (19 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (20 mm), Staphylococcus epidermidis (18 mm), Escherichia coli (9 mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 mm), which were assessed by measuring the zone of inhibition [46]. Another unique aspect of this study is the scanning of all the 25 plant extracts at the same lab by using the same procedures for testing their antioxidant and antibacterial activities.…”

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties as Well as the Phenolic Content of the Extract from Hancornia speciosa Gomes

“…Plants with antimicrobial activity also present cytotoxic activity by promoting death in various tumor cell lines [62] via different mechanisms. The primary routes of cell death are apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis, and deaths by apoptosis and autophagy are considered programmed cell death mechanisms, whereas necrosis is considered an unregulated cell death mechanism [63].…”

Chemical composition and bioactivity of essential oils and Ethanolic extracts of Ocimum basilicum L. and Thymus algeriensis Boiss. & Reut. from the Algerian Saharan Atlas

“…The species used were Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 (gram-positive bacterium), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 (gram-positive bacterium), Bacillus subtilis ATCC11562 (gram-positive bacterium), Escherichia coli ATCC29425 (gram-negative bacterium), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC15442 (gram-negative bacterium), Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC43816 (gram-negative bacterium), Candida glabrata ATCC22553 (fungus), and Candida albicans ATCC10231 (fungus). The eight microorganisms represent predominant food pathogens that are frequently encountered [23–25].…”