Studies on the Host Parasite Relationships to Schistosoma japonicum. IV. Resistance Acquired by Infection, by Vaccination and by the Injection of Immune Serum, in Monkeys, Rabbits and Mice

Sadun, E. H.; Lin, S.

doi:10.2307/3274578

Cited by 42 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…SWAP preparations have been used for vaccination experiments in past decades with variable results [ 21 , 22 ]. The most consistent results were obtained in an extensive series of experiments where 1 mg of SWAP was administered intradermally to mice along with 5 × 10 6 units of BCG [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s in SWAP? Abundance of the principal constituents in a soluble extract of Schistosoma mansoni revealed by shotgun proteomics

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe soluble antigen preparation of adult schistosomes (SWAP) has often been used to probe host responses against these blood-dwelling parasites. Despite its long-established use there is limited knowledge about its composition. The information we provide here on the molecular composition of SWAP may contribute as a guide for a rational selection of antigenic targets.MethodsLabel-free quantitative shotgun proteomics was employed to determine the composition and abundance of SWAP constituents. Briefly, paired adult Schistosoma mansoni worms were sonicated in PBS pH 7.2 and ultracentrifuged for recovery of the soluble supernatant. An aliquot was subjected to trypsin digestion. Resulting peptides were separated under ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and analysed using an orbitrap mass spectrometer. Spectral data were interrogated using SequestHT against an in-house S. mansoni database. Proteins were quantified by recording the mean area under curve obtained for up to three most intense detected peptides. Proteins within the 90th percentile of the total SWAP mass were categorized according to their sub-cellular/tissue location.ResultsIn this work we expanded significantly the list of known SWAP constituents. Through application of stringent criteria, a total of 633 proteins were quantitatively identified. Only 18 proteins account to 50 % of the total SWAP mass as revealed by their cumulative abundance. Among them, none is predicted as a secreted molecule reinforcing the point that SWAP is dominated by cytosolic and cytoskeletal proteins. In contrast, only 3 % of the mass comprised proteins proposed to function at the host-parasite interfaces (tegument and gut), which could conceivably represent vulnerable targets of a protective immune response. Paradoxically, at least 11 SWAP proteins, comprising ~25 % of its mass, have been tested as vaccine candidates.ConclusionsOur data suggest that use of SWAP to probe host responses has greatest value for diagnostic purposes or assessing intensity of infection. However, the preparation is of limited utility as an antigen source for investigating host responses to proteins expressed at or secreted from worm-host interfaces. The data also pose the question as to why vaccination with SWAP, containing so many proposed vaccine candidates, has no additive or even synergistic effects on the induction of protection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0943-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s in SWAP? Abundance of the principal constituents in a soluble extract of Schistosoma mansoni revealed by shotgun proteomics

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although acquired immunity may be modulating the numbers of worms establishing themselves, its effects may not be apparent because of the intense transmission since worm burden is a function of exposure and resistance. Experimental work in animal models has shown that acquired immunity to schistosome infection is partially protective (Sadun & Lin 1959, Taylor et al 1976, Stek et al 1981, Webbe et al 1982, Bashir et al 1994, Yole et al 1996. This is likely to be the same for humans so that a partially protected person exposed to intense infection may have a higher worm burden than a fully susceptible person exposed to fewer parasites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of re‐infection rates with Schistosoma haematobium following chemotherapy in areas with high and low levels of infection

Mutapi

Ndhlovu²,

Hagan

et al. 1999

Parasite Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two groups of children (6-15 years) from a Schistosoma haematobium endemic area were followed for 9 months after praziquantel treatment. Seventy-three children came from an area of high infection while 67 children came from an area of low infection. Pre-treatment infection prevalence in the high infection area (76.6%) was significantly higher than that in low infection area (36.3%). Levels of anti-SEA immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgM were significantly higher and levels of IgG3 significantly lower in children from the low infection area. Nine months after treatment, infection prevalence was significantly higher in the high infection area (29.0%) (where re-infection rates were higher) than in the low infection area (12.9%). Children from the high infection area were six times more likely to get re-infected than those from the low infection area, while younger children were 30 times more likely to get re-infected than older children. These results are discussed in relation to differences in transmission and the development of acquired immunity. Pre-treatment levels of IgM and the difference between IgE and IgG4 were positively associated with re-infection in the high infection area. These results are discussed in relation to the interpretation of simple correlations between infection and some antibody levels and the inference of causal relationships between observed epidemiological and immunological patterns.

show abstract

“…These authors rightly chronicled the search for the discovery of candidate vaccine molecules to have transited through mining crude extracts, monoclonal antibody targets, anti-idiotypes, expression library screening and immunogenicity. The early disappointment that was recorded with the vaccination of mice with crude worm extracts or purified components, followed by cercarial challenge [119,120] and utilizing the idea of concomitant immunity [121] were equally reviewed. Wilson and Coulson [118] concluded that the sequencing of S. mansoni transriptome and genome and the development of proteomic and microarray technologies has drastically improved the possibilities for identiflying novel vaccine candidates, particularly proteins secreted from or exposed at the surface of schistosomula and adult worms.…”

Section: Development Of a Schistosome Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis

Francis¹

2013

Parasitic Diseases - Schistosomiasis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Studies on the Host Parasite Relationships to Schistosoma japonicum. IV. Resistance Acquired by Infection, by Vaccination and by the Injection of Immune Serum, in Monkeys, Rabbits and Mice

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

What’s in SWAP? Abundance of the principal constituents in a soluble extract of Schistosoma mansoni revealed by shotgun proteomics

What’s in SWAP? Abundance of the principal constituents in a soluble extract of Schistosoma mansoni revealed by shotgun proteomics

A comparison of re‐infection rates with Schistosoma haematobium following chemotherapy in areas with high and low levels of infection

Schistosomiasis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About