Studies on the Germination of Seeds of Bupleurum falcatum L. : I. Influence of the time elapse after seed harvesting and light conditions on the germination

Kawatani, Toyohiko; Kaneki, Yoshizo; Momonoki, Yoshie S.

doi:10.1626/jcs.45.243

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We used the longevity index from the LEDA database (Kleyer et al, 2008;Poschlod et al, 2020; unpublished data) and information about the type of dormancy, light requirements for germination, and alternating temperature requirements from literature (Kawatani et al, 1976;Grime et al, 1981;Thompson and Grime, 1983;Jones and Turkington, 1986;Pegtel, 1988;Maas, 1989;Beier, 1991;Milberg, 1994;Poschlod et al, 2003;McDavid, 2012…”

Section: Seed Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Seed Bank Persistence Across Time and Burial Depth in Calcareous Grassland Habitats

Mašková

Poschlod

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Seed persistence in the soil is crucial for population dynamics. Interspecific differences in soil seed mortality could be a mechanism that may stimulate species coexistence in herbaceous plant communities. Therefore, understanding the levels and causes of seed persistence is vital for understanding community composition and population dynamics. In this study, we evaluated the burial depth as a significant predictor of the temporal dynamics of soil seed persistence. We suppose that species differ in this temporal dynamics of soil seed persistence according to burial depth. Furthermore, we expected that burial depth would affect soil seed persistence differently concerning the species-specific type of dormancy, light, and fluctuating temperature requirements for germination. Seeds of 28 herbaceous species of calcareous grasslands were buried in the field into depths of 1, 5, and 10 cm under the soil surface. Seed viability was tested by germination and tetrazolium tests several times for three years. Species-specific seed traits—a type of dormancy, light requirements and alternating temperature requirements for germination, and longevity index—were used for disentangling the links behind species-specific differences in soil seed persistence. Our study showed differences in soil seed persistence according to the burial depth at the interspecific level. Generally, the deeper the buried seeds, the longer they stayed viable, but huge differences were found between individual species. Species-specific seed traits seem to be an essential determinant of seed persistence in the soil. Seeds of dormant species survived less and only dormant seeds stayed viable in the soil. Similarly, seeds of species without light or alternating temperature requirements for germination generally remained viable in the soil in smaller numbers. Moreover, seeds of species that require light for germination stayed viable longer in the deeper soil layers. Our results help understand the ecosystem dynamics caused by seed reproduction and highlight the importance of a detailed long-term investigation of soil seed persistence. That is essential for understanding the fundamental ecological processes and could help restore valuable calcareous grassland habitats.

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Section: Seed Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Seed Bank Persistence Across Time and Burial Depth in Calcareous Grassland Habitats

Mašková

Poschlod

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Increased temperature (408C on moist paper) for less than 24 h can accelerate germination, but reduce total germination (Tanaka 1985). In Japan, seed remained viable for up to 3 yr when stored under low humidity and in darkness (Kawatani et al 1977). This contrasts with claims of optimum storage at 08C still producing a 50% loss of viability after 3 yr (Brandle et al 1998a).…”

Section: Seed Viability and Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the improvement of stevia [Stevia rebaudiana(Bertoni)]

et al. 2011

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Yadav, A. K., Singh, S., Dhyani, D. and Ahuja, P. S. 2011. A review on the improvement of Stevia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)]. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 1–27. Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is a herbaceous perennial plant (2n=22) of genus Stevia Cav., which consists of approximately 230 species of herbaceous, shrub and sub-shrub plants. Leaves of stevia produce diterpene glycosides (stevioside and rebaudiosides), non-nutritive, non-toxic, high-potency sweeteners and may substitute sucrose as well as other synthetic sweetners, being 300 times sweeter than sucrose. In addition to its sweetening property, it has medicinal values and uses. Stevia is self-incompatible plant and the pollination behaviour is entomophilous. Rebaudioside-A is of particular interest among the glycosides produced in the leaves of stevia because of the most desirable flavour profile, while, stevioside is responsible for aftertaste bitterness. Development of new varieties of S. rebaudiana with a higher content of rebaudioside-A and a reduced content of stevioside is the primary aim of plant breeders concerned with the improvement and utilization of this source of natural sweeteners. The proportions of rebaudioside-A and -C are controlled by a single additive gene known to be co-segregating suggesting synthesis by the same enzyme. Stevioside and rebaudioside-A are negatively correlated, while rebaudioside-A and -C are positively correlated. Conventional plant breeding approaches such as selection and intercrossing among various desirable genotypes is the best method for improving quality traits in a highly cross-pollinated crop like stevia. Various plant types with larger amounts of specific glycoside have already been patented, such as RSIT 94-1306, RSIT 94-75, RSIT 95-166-1 through selection and intercrossing. Composites and synthetics can be used to capture part of the available heterosis because of the high degree of natural out-crossing and the absence of an efficient system of pollination control. Synthetics and composites like “AC Black Bird” and “PTA-444” have already been developed. Polyploidy results in better adaptability of individuals and increased organ and cell sizes. Tetraploids have larger leaf size, thickness and have potential use in increasing biomass and yield in comparison with diploid strains. Characters of interest with low variability in the population may be improved through mutation breeding. Use of biotechnological approaches, such as tissue culture for the mass propagation of elite genotypes, anther culture for development of pure homozygous doubled haploid and molecular marker technology for identification of marker loci linked to rebaudioside-A trait, can create new opportunities for plant breeders. Understanding the mechanism and pathway of biosynthesis of steviol glycosides can help to improve the glycoside profile by up-regulation and down-regulation of genes.

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Studies on the Germination of Seeds of Bupleurum falcatum L. : I. Influence of the time elapse after seed harvesting and light conditions on the germination

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Soil Seed Bank Persistence Across Time and Burial Depth in Calcareous Grassland Habitats

Soil Seed Bank Persistence Across Time and Burial Depth in Calcareous Grassland Habitats

A review on the improvement of stevia [Stevia rebaudiana(Bertoni)]

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