Studies on the Family Filaroididae Schulz, 1951

Seneviratna, P.

doi:10.1017/s0022149x0003337x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…O. osleri males had six papillae surrounding the cloaca (FIG. 4).These patterns differ from previously published descriptions [2,3,4].…”

contrasting

confidence: 80%

“…For example, Anderson [2] shows F. martis with four papillae surrounding the cloaca along with two smaller papillae above the cloaca while Ko and Anderson [3] show F. martis with six papillae only surrounding the cloaca. Seneviratna shows O. osleri with seven papillae in a ring but the drawing does not show the precise relationship of these papillae with the cloaca [4].…”

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confidence: 96%

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Morphological Analysis of Abursate Nematodes Parasitic in the Lungs of Mammals

2006

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Light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the morphology of two species of abursate lung worms that belong to a group of nematodes in which males of most species have a copulatory bursa. In abursate species, the bursa and its rays are replaced with simple papillae. Recent phylogenetic analyses have shown that the loss of the bursa evolved several times in the phylogeny of the lung nematodes from mammals [1]. However, the abursate nematodes have never been described beyond light microscopy observations. The two species observed here included Filaroides martis, a parasite common in the lungs of mink (Mustela vison) in North America, and Oslerus osleri, a nematode found in nodules in the trachea of coyotes (Canis latrans).Using light microscopy, the overall structure of the male tail was distinct but the arrangement of papillae was difficult to observe (FIGS. 1, 2). Previous descriptions of the tail morphology of F. martis and O. osleri are based solely on light microscopy, resulting in vague drawings or inconsistent illustrations. For example, Anderson [2] shows F. martis with four papillae surrounding the cloaca along with two smaller papillae above the cloaca while Ko and Anderson [3] show F. martis with six papillae only surrounding the cloaca. Seneviratna shows O. osleri with seven papillae in a ring but the drawing does not show the precise relationship of these papillae with the cloaca [4].To clarify the morphological description, the position of the tail papillae of F. martis and O. osleri was examined using SEM. Specimens were collected and preserved in 5% formalin before being dehydrated in a graded ethanol series, critical point dried using an Autosamdri 795 Supercritical Point Dryer, and sputter coated with gold before imaging with a LEO 435VP SEM. In F. martis male specimens, five papillae surrounding the cloaca with two smaller papillae located directly above the cloaca was observed (FIG. 3). O. osleri males had six papillae surrounding the cloaca (FIG. 4).These patterns differ from previously published descriptions [2,3,4].These SEM images not only clarify the morphology of the tail from abursate species but also demonstrate the importance of SEM for studying the morphology of nematodes. Further analysis is required to better understand how the morphology of abursate nematodes and bursate nematodes are related providing evolutionary information on the loss of the bursa in several lungworm clades.

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“…O. osleri males had six papillae surrounding the cloaca (FIG. 4).These patterns differ from previously published descriptions [2,3,4].…”

contrasting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Morphological Analysis of Abursate Nematodes Parasitic in the Lungs of Mammals

2006

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“…For example, within the well-supported (79% of bootstrap replicates) clade that excluded Skrjabingylus chitwoodorum and all the crenosomatids, unexpected findings included the support for a Metastrongylus-Oslerus sister group relationship, polyphyly of the Filaroididae, and bootstrap support (77%) for a clade containing the filaroidid, P. decorus, with members of the Pseudaliidae. The Filaroididae Schulz, 1951 have generally been defined as those metastrongyloid nematodes in which the bursa is rudimentary or lacking (Seneviratna, 1959;Anderson, 1978;Kontrimavichus and Delyamure, 1979). It has been suggested that the bursa became atrophied or completely disappeared during the evolutionary history of filaroidid nematodes and that caudal papillae in some species resemble remnants of ventral or lateral rays (Anderson, 1982;Durette-Desset et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Analysis of the Metastrongyloidea (Nematoda: Strongylida) Inferred From Ribosomal Rna Gene Sequences

Carreno¹,

Nadler²

2003

Journal of Parasitology

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“…However, both these demonstrations used what seem rather large numbers of larvae (more than 300) to achieve transmission, and while the fact of direct transmission has been demonstrated, it does not necessarily follow that the normal means of transmission does not utilise a paratenic or an intermediate host. The known life cycle of all members of the Family Filaroididae as defined by Schulz (195 1, as cited by Skrjabin 1952) or by Seneviratna (1959) or the Subfamily Filaroidinae as defined by Levine (1968) always involves a molluscan intermediate host with this one exception. It seems at least possible that Dorrington's (1965Dorrington's ( , 1968) demonstration of a direct life cycle for F. osleri may not represent the usual mode of transmission for this parasite.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%