Studies on the electron transport system

Ziegler, Daniel M.; Linnane, Anthony W.; Green, D.E.; Dass, C. M. S.; Ris, Hans

doi:10.1016/0006-3002(58)90515-8

Cited by 89 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Yeast mitochondria as described in the preceding paper (24) are morphologically similar to those present in the cells of higher organisms, except for their smaller size (0.2 to 0.6 ~). The morphology of particles in the isolated fractions--initial sediment, Heavy III, and Light II--are shown, respectively, in Figs.…”

Section: Morphology Of the Isolated Particlessupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The fixed material was washed in water, dehydrated, embedded in methacrylate, and sectioned as described in the preceding paper (24).…”

Section: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yeast is one of the simplest organisms in which the existence of mitochondria has been demonstrated (1,24). Attempts have been made in the past to isolate yeast mitochondria, and cell-free particles capable of terminal oxidation and some phosphorylation have been described (18,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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STUDIES ON THE OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

Vitols

Linnane

1961

The Journal of Cell Biology

108

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A specially designed high-speed blendor and glass beads have been used to disintegrate yeast cells. The method enables large quantities of cells to be fragmented quickly at low temperature, and cell-free mitochondrial particles to be prepared in high yield. The particles are isolated in a sucrose-Tris-EDTA medium and extensively refractionated in the same medium. The success of the fractionation is dependent upon the presence of the Tris buffer, as the latter prevents the aggregation of the particulate material. Two morphologically and enzymatically different particle types have been obtained: a heavy fraction corresponding to mitochondria in size and internal organization, and a light fraction consisting of vesicular, single-membrane particles of a smaller size. The light particles oxidize DPNH and succinate, but do not oxidize pyruvate-malate, and lack the capacity for phosphorylation. The heavy particles oxidize pyruvate-malate as well as the citric acid cycle intermediates, although their c~-ketoglutaric dehydrogenase activity is low. Oxidation by the heavy particles is coupled to phosphorylation, and P/O ratios of about 1.5 have been obtained. Lactic acid dehydrogenase is also present in the heavy fraction, and lactate is oxidized with a P/O ratio of about 0.7.

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Section: Morphology Of the Isolated Particlessupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The fixed material was washed in water, dehydrated, embedded in methacrylate, and sectioned as described in the preceding paper (24).…”

Section: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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STUDIES ON THE OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

Vitols

Linnane

1961

The Journal of Cell Biology

108

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“…The mitochondrial membranes contain the different multienzyme complexes involved in these transformations; these complexes are arranged in highly ordered arrays (33,37,40,51). Although the first phase of the fine structural analysis of the mitoehondrion (53,54,67) established the base line for a correlation of structure and function (4,14,65,79,80), the shortcomings of the preparative techniques and of the resolution of the electron microscope limited the extent of meaningful correlation. With mitochondria, as with other lamellar systems (18,68,78), it is now apparent that the submicroscopic patterns of sectioned specimens fixed with osmium tetroxide reveal merely a general structural framework consisting essentially of lipoprotein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The capacity for both electron transfer and oxidative phosphorylation was retained in an analogous particle (ETPI~). Electron microscopic studied-of these submitochondrial fractions by standard osmium fixation and thin sectioning techniques (14,33,79,80) indicated that the double-membraned structure was preserved in specimens of ETPm whereas only a single-membraned structure was observed in ETP. More extensive correlation of fine structure with function, however, could not be achieved in these early investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Macromolecular Repeating Unit of Mitochondrial Structure and Function

Fernández-Morán

Oda

Blair

et al. 1964

The Journal of Cell Biology

350

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A repeating particle associated with the cristae and the inner membrane of the external envelope has been recognized and characterized in beef heart mitochondria by correlated electron microscopic and biochemical studies. Many thousands (ca. 104 to 105) of these particles, disposed in regular arrays, are present in a single mitochondrion. The repeating particle, called the elementary particle (EP), consists of three parts: (1) a spherical or polyhedral head piece (80 to 100 A in diameter); (2) a cylindrical stalk (about 50 A long and 30 to 40 A wide); and (3) a base piece (40 X 110 A). The base pieces of the elementary particles form an integral part of the outer dense layers of the cristae. The elementary particles can be seen in electron micrographs of mitochondria in situ, of isolated mitochondria, and of submitochondrial particles with a complete electron transfer chain. Negative staining with phosphotungstate is only one of several techniques that can be used for reproducible demonstration of the repeating particles and underlying subunit organization of mitochondrial membranes. A particulate unit containing a complete electron transfer chain can be isolated from beef heart mitochondria. The isolated unit approximates in size that of the elementary particle in situ. The molecular weight of the particle in situ is calculated to be 1.3 X 10 ~. Evidence is presented for identifying the isolated unit with the elementary particle visualized in situ. The elementary particle of the mitochondrion is believed to be a prototype of a class of functional particles or macromolecular assemblies of similar size found in association with membranes generally.

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Mitochondrial Metabolism

Schneider¹

1959

Advances in Enzymology - And Related Areas of Molecular Biology

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Studies on the electron transport system

Cited by 89 publications

References 10 publications

STUDIES ON THE OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

STUDIES ON THE OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

A Macromolecular Repeating Unit of Mitochondrial Structure and Function

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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