Studies on the Effects of Feeding Frequency and Dietary Composition on Fat Deposition*

Cohn, Clarence; Joseph, Dorothy; Bell, L.; Allweiss, M. David

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb34816.x

Cited by 67 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When groups of postweaning immature male rats were pair-fed equal amounts of food, one group fed ad libitum and the other force-fed several meals daily ("meal-fed"), animals in the latter group became obese adults (6,7). In contrast to these reports on "meal-fed" animals, the presently studied feed-restricted rats are proportionately leaner at puberty than their well fed controls.…”

contrasting

confidence: 46%

“…It is not known whether the presently studied feed-restricted animals would have developed into lean or obese adults. Laboratory rats periodically nibble small quantities of food rather than gorge themselves with large amounts at one time (7). It is possible that the one 5-hr morning meal which was provided to our feedrestricted rats did not give enough time for these nocturnal animals to "over-eat and become obese" (7), or to consume as much food per unit body weight as the well fed at first estrus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pubertal Food Intake and Body Length, Weight, and Composition in the Feed-Restricted Female Rat: Comparison with Well Fed Animals

Wilen

Naftolin

1978

Pediatr Res

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Summarymaturation earlier but at an average body weight which is not Individual pubertal age, food intake, and body length, weight, and composition were determined by direct measurements in 28 feed-restricted female rats studied from birth to first estrus, and were compared to well fed controls (39). The average birth (6.87 0.19 g) and weaning (49.39 * 0.72 g) weights of the 1 3 early maturing feed-restricted rats did not differ significantly from those of the 13 late maturers (6.72 2 0.31 g and 49.96 * g, respectively). Mean values for all pubertal measurements are included in Table 1. F i t estrus was simultaneous with vaginal opening in nine (69%) of early and two (15%) of the late maturing feed-restricted rats. At first estrus, the late maturing, feed-restricted animals were heavier, longer (Fig. I), and had attained a greater quantity of total body fat, protein, and water than the early maturers. Furthermore, at first estrus the late maturing feed-restricted rats had acquired a greater proportion of body water than the early maturers; however, both groups had attained the same proportion of body protein (Fig. 2). Although early and late maturing feed-restricted rats were eating the same amounts of food at the time of vaginal opening and at f i t estrus, late maturing rats consumed less food per 100 g body wt than did early maturers. The average birth (6.99 2 0.74 g) and weaning (49.7 2 0.74 g) weights of all 29 well fed rats did not differ from those of the feed-restricted group --(6.76 * 0.17 g and 48.95 0.6 g, respectively). F i t estrus was simultaneous with vaginal opening in 20 (69%) of the well fed and 13 (46%) of the feed-restricted rats. At first estrus average body weights and nose-rump length were the same for well fed and feed-restricted groups. Mean ages at vaginal opening and at first estrus in the feed-restricted animals were, however, greater. Absolute amount and percentage of body water did not, on the average, diier in the two groups; however, the feed-restricted animals attained less fat, were proportionately leaner, acquired a greater quantity and proportion of protein, and consumed less food. SpeculationAs seen within the previously studied well fed control group, differences in food intake and somatic development in individual feed-restricted rats at rust estrus suggest that the attainment of a constant body weight, level of fat, or food intake may not be essential for the onset of puberty. Our findings in rats at first estrus suggest that although dietary manipulation may effect a change in the overall proportion of body fat and protein, within a homogeneous group of rats at first estrus there is a percentage of body protein which remains the same with increasing age at sexual maturation.Previous studies have shown that well nourished female animals (1 0,25,27,28,36,37) and humans (1 3) attain sexual 26 statistically different from that reached b; undernourished maturing individuals. Malnourished girls, however, are taller at menarche than their well fed counterparts (13). Well fed fe...

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contrasting

confidence: 46%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pubertal Food Intake and Body Length, Weight, and Composition in the Feed-Restricted Female Rat: Comparison with Well Fed Animals

Wilen

Naftolin

1978

Pediatr Res

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“…They adapt over 1-2 weeks by eating increasingly large meals (Ghent, 1951;Lawrence & Mason, 1955), but even then they may not be able to eat meals that are sufficiently large to maintain weight (Cohn, Joseph, Bell, & Allweiss, 1965;Leveille & O'Hea, 1967). Although the studies demonstrating that rats gradually come to eat larger meals are confounded with increased motivation due to weight loss, Moll (1964) observed the same incrementing ofmeal size in rats whose weights had been reduced prior to being placed on the fixed feeding schedule.…”

Section: Meals and Drug Takingmentioning

confidence: 57%

The psychobiology of meals

Woods

Strubbe

1994

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

102

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“…Hollifield and Parson (1962b), for example, reported that after 10 weeks rats accustomed to a' feeding period of two hours per day were more than 30% heavier than animals consuming like quantities of food ^ libitum. Cohn et al (1965) likewise reported that rats force-fed once daily weighed more than the control animals when food consumption was equalized between both groups. Leveille (1970), similarly, indicated that meal-fed animals gained weight as rapidly as animals eating ^ libitum even though the meal-fed animals were consuming only 75-80% as much of the identical diet.…”

Section: Excretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They observed that the force-fed animals excreted about 37% more urea nitrogen over a seven-day period than pair-fed animals eating ^ libitum. In another study (Cohn et , 1965) where diets containing ^^N-labeled protein were used, force-fed animals excreted more dietary as urea than did ^ libitum controls. coworkers (1962, 1965) suggest that an organism can utilize a limited load of dietary protein per unit of time for anabolic purposes.…”

Section: Excretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of retinol as affected by dietary protein and feeding patterns in carotene-fed rats

Stoecker

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Studies on the Effects of Feeding Frequency and Dietary Composition on Fat Deposition*

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

Pubertal Food Intake and Body Length, Weight, and Composition in the Feed-Restricted Female Rat: Comparison with Well Fed Animals

Pubertal Food Intake and Body Length, Weight, and Composition in the Feed-Restricted Female Rat: Comparison with Well Fed Animals

The psychobiology of meals

Biosynthesis of retinol as affected by dietary protein and feeding patterns in carotene-fed rats

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