Studies on the Biochemical Basis of the Low Maximum Temperature in a Psychrophilic Cryptococcus

Hagen, Per-Otto; Rose, Anthony H.

doi:10.1099/00221287-27-1-89

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…with water. Total ninhydrin-positive substances in these extracts were estimated by a modification of the method of Smith & Agiza (1951) described by Hagen & Rose (1962), using glycine as a standard. Results are expressed as pg.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Synthesis of Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase in Biotin-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Dixon

Rose

1964

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYSynthesis of ornithine carbamoyltransferase by yeast grown in a medium containing a suboptimal concentration of biotin was less than in biotinoptimal yeast and was diminished still further when L-aspartate was included in the biotin-deficient medium, although the presence of this amino acid is known to cause restoration of nucleic acid and total protein synthesis. Addition of L-ornithine to biotin-deficient medium increased synthesis of the enzyme to a value approximately half of the maximum recorded in biotin-optimal yeast, but DL-citrulline, L-glutamate, L-proline, oleate, or cytosine and uracil and their nucleosides and nucleotides had little or no stimulatory effect on synthesis of the enzyme. L-Arginine had little effect on enzyme synthesis by biotin-optimal yeast but caused a marked decrease in synthesis of the enzyme by yeast grown in biotindeficient medium containing L-aspartate. With yeast grown in unsupplemented biotin-deficient medium, but not in this medium supplemented with aspartate + ornithine, norbiotin ( 1 0 -8~) restored synthesis of the enzyme to a level greater than the maximum recorded in biotin-optimal yeast. Homobiotin ( 1 0 4~) had a similar though less marked effect.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Synthesis of Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase in Biotin-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Dixon

Rose

1964

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…light path and a blank of 30 mMNaCl. These diluted filtrates were stored at -20' and later assayed for ninhydrinpositive compounds by a modification of the method of Smith & Agiza (1957) as described by Hagen & Rose (1962) with glycine as a standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Shock in a Mesophilic and a Psychrophilic Pseudomonad

Farrell¹,

Rose²

1968

Journal of General Microbiology

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A mesophilic strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, grown at 30" and suspended to a concentration of equiv. 0.02 mg. dry wt/ml. in 30 mM-NaCl, showed rapid loss of viability when chilled rapidly from 30" to 0" or -2". The viability of a psychrophilic pseudomonad, grown at 30", did not decrease to the same extent when a dilute suspenision (equiv. 0.02 mg. dry wtlml.) was rapidly chilled from 30" to 0" or -2". Concentrated suspensions (equiv. 3.0 mg. dry wtlml.) of both the mesophile and the psychrophile released about the same proportion of total endogenous ultraviolet-absorbing compounds when rapidly chilled from ,30° to 5", oo or -2". Loss of viability following rapid chilling of a dilute suspension of the mesophile or the psychrophile was partly or completely prevented by 5 mM-Mg2+ and by bacteria-free filtrates from chilled concentrated suspensions of either bacterium. The viability of the bacteri,a grown at 10" did not decrease when dilute suspensions were rapidly chilled from 10" to -2". Bacteria grown at 10" contained a greater proportion of unsaturated fatty acids than bacteria grown at 30". Fatty acid analyses showed that susceptibility of the mesophile and psychrophile to cold shock could be correlated with the contents of unsaturated fatty acids in their lipids.

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“…Moreover, the maximal growth temperature of most psychrophiles is approximately 25 to 30 C compared, to 35 to 50 C for most mesophiles (13). The available evidence suggests that the lower maximal growth temperatures of psychrophiles may be due to the relatively greater heat lability of some of their enzymes (3,6,10,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Heat-labile Enzymes in a Psychrophilic Bacterium

Purohit

Stokes

1967

J Bacteriol

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The oxidative and fermentative activities of a psychrophilic bacterium (strain 82), whose maximal growth temperature is 35 C, were completely destroyed by exposure of the cells to 46 C for about 1 hr, whereas those of mesophilic Escherichia coli were unaffected. Similar results were obtained with cell-free extracts. In attempts to determine some of the specific enzymes inactivated in strain 82 by exposure to 46 C, it was found that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase was completely inactivated at 46 C in 2 hr. Also, cytochrome c reductase was completely destroyed at 46 C in 1 hr and was 70% destroyed at 40 C in 2 hr. The heat lability of the latter may determine the maximal growth temperature of the organism. In addition, the results indicated that the enzymes of strain 82 involved in the clastic split of pyruvate to formate and acetate are inactivated by exposure to 46 C and that the lactic and glycerol dehydrogenases are more heat-labile than those in E. coli. Succinic, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-alcohol, and glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenases, however, in both strain 82 and E. coli, were essentially unaffected by exposure to 46 C for 2 hr.

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Studies on the Biochemical Basis of the Low Maximum Temperature in a Psychrophilic Cryptococcus

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

On the Synthesis of Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase in Biotin-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae

On the Synthesis of Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase in Biotin-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cold Shock in a Mesophilic and a Psychrophilic Pseudomonad

Heat-labile Enzymes in a Psychrophilic Bacterium

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