Studies on sunflower rust. V. Culture of <i>Puccinia helianthi</i> throughout its complete life cycle on detached leaves of sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i>)

Hennessy, C. M. R.; Sackston, W. E.

doi:10.1139/b70-266

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The spores are pedicellate; the pedicel may be colorless or pale luteous, fragile, and 60-150 μm. The teliospores produced at lower temperature (10°C) begin to germinate about 15 days after their formation, but those formed at higher temperature do not germinate (Hennessy and Sackston 1970). c. Basidiospores (sporidia): These are monokaryotic, nonrepeating spores produced on promycelium.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution and Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large amount of genetic variation in terms of host resistance exists in the wild species, providing genetic diversity for improvement. The origin of most rust resistance genes present in the cultivated sunflower can be traced to wild species mainly H. annuus, H. argophyllus, and H. petiolaris (Hennessy and Sackston 1970, Zimmer and Rehder 1976, 1993, Gulya et al 2000. One line (PS 1089) derived from H. argophyllus × cultivated sunflower and two lines (PS 2011 and PS 2032) derived from H. petiolaris × cultivar crosses are reported to be immune to the prevalent races in India (Sujatha et al 2003).…”

Section: Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Diseases of Edible Oilseed Crops

Chattopadhyay¹,

Kolte²,

Waliyar³

2015

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AgriculturalSciences. He has more than 22 years of research experience in oilseed crop disease management and has significantly contributed in the areas of understanding the host-pathogen interactions, epi demiology, and integrated disease management in sunflower, safflower, sesame, peanut, and rape seed-mustard crops. He has published more than 70 peer-reviewed research papers and 4 books. Dr. Chattopadhyay has to his credit several academic awards and one patent. His significant research achievements include the development of Fusarium wilt-resistant genotypes in safflower, the iden tification of genotypes of Brassica juncea resistant to a mixture of isolates of Albugo candida, the development of a biocontrol agent formulation to reduce the use of fungicides in the management of major diseases of oilseeds (Brassica), and seed treatment (and foliar application) of aqueous bulb extract of Allium sativum for the management of major foliar diseases (Alternaria blight, white rust, powdery mildew, and Sclerotinia stem rot) of mustard. S.J. Kolte, professor of plant pathology (Retd.

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Section: Geographical Distribution and Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases of Edible Oilseed Crops

Chattopadhyay¹,

Kolte²,

Waliyar³

2015

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“…Teliospores were produced on detached leaves at 10°C as reported by Hennessy and Sackston (1970). When these were used to inoculate detached leaves, pycnia and aecia developed, but the aecia dehisced too rapidly in plate cultures to permit collecting spores from individual aecia.…”

Section: M'aterials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

INHERITANCE OF SPORE COLOUR IN PUCCINIA HELIANTHI

Hennessy¹,

Sackston²

1972

Can. J. Genet. Cytol.

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A mutation for loss of wall pigment in urediospores and teliospores of Puccinia helianthi Schw, is described. The mechanism of inheritance of spore colour could not be established precisely. Wall pigment appeared to be determined by one or a small number of genes, whereas pigment of the cytoplasm was unstable and influenced by environmental factors. Evidence for multiple fertilizations in single aecial cups supported earlier reports that the aeciospore should be considered the unit of fertilization in the rusts. Somatic segregation for colour was observed in F, cultures. IntroduotionInheritance of urediospore colour in Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Erikss. & Henn. has been shown to be controlled by two genes: one determining carotenoid pigment in the cytoplasm and the other, brown pigment in the spore wall (Johnson, Newton and Brown, 1934;Green, 1964). A mutation for spore colour in P. helianthi Schw. was described by Brown (1940). It affected pycnia and aecia as well as uredia and telia. The genetic basis of the colour change was not established. Spore size, shape and echinulation, viability, host range and temperature tolerance were also affected and Brown suggested that more than one gene was probably involved.Colour mutants have been extensively used as genetic markers in the cereal rusts. Studies on P. helianthi have lagged behind those on other species in this respect. A spontaneous mutation for loss of wall pigment in a culture of sunflower rust at Macdonald College afforded an opportunity to extend genetic studies on P. helianthi which have so far met with little success (Miah and Sackston, 1970). Besides determining the mechanism of spore colour inheritance in P. helianthi, it was hoped that this study would help to resolve the controversy over the unit of fertilization in the rusts (Dinoor, Khair and Fleischmann, 1968) which has been a fundamental difficulty in studies on the inheritance of pathogenicity in the rusts. M'aterials and MethodsA yellow-spored mutant of P. helianthi arose spontaneously from a culture of "Canadian" race 2 on a single leaf in an otherwise normal detached leaf culture growing at 10°C. Two of the five pustules found were cultured (as Y1 and Y2) for further study. Urediospores from the others, when transferred to susceptible leaves, failed to induce infections.Single spore isolates of these cultures were maintained on detached sunflower leaves on moist filter paper in Petri plates in controlled environment growth chambers at 22 + 2°C day and 20 -+ 2°C night temperature, daylength of 16 hr and light intensity at plant level of 13200 -+ 2200 lux (1200 2 200 ft-c) from cool white VHO fluorescent tubes supplemented with incandescent bulbs, giving approximately 4400 lux at leaf surface within the plates. Cultures were also grown on plants in the greenhouse (22 to 25°C) isolated beneath plastic covers.

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“…A cultu ra da folha destacada, definida como a manu tenção de folhas vivas por um certo período após ter sido destacada da planta mãe (27,28) é uma técnica que apresenta vantagens quanto à economia de espaço, de material vegetal e de inóculo; facilidade de controle e ma nipu la çã o de fa tores a mbienta is; redu çã o na conta mina çã o; uniformida de experimental; fa cilidade e exatidão na s observações, u ma vez qu e, se pode exa mina r o ma teria l sob microscópio sem prejudicar a cultura; eliminação quanto à necessidade de luz quando o cu ltivo é feito em solução de sacarose; crescimento exu bera nte de alguns parasitas obrigatórios como ferrugem e oídios (12,14,21,27,28 ). Assim fitopa tologistas começa ra m a utilizá -la pa ra testes de inoculação e estudos de fisiologia de parasitismo (28).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo de métodos de inoculação para a avaliação de cultivares de soja a Fusarium tucumaniae

2009

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Avaliou-se a reação das cultivares de soja, IAS-5, FT-Cometa, CAC-1, Monarca e MG/BR 46 (Conquista), consideradas resistentes, e de FT-Estrela e FT-Cristalina, suscetíveis a F. tucumaniae, por dois métodos. Foram inoculadas plântulas e folhas destacadas de soja através do método de grãos de sorgo e grãos de aveia, respectivamente. As avaliações de severidade da doença foram efetuadas semanalmente utilizando-se escalas de notas tanto para sintomas observados na parte aérea das plântulas como para o sistema radicular, e também através da porcentagem de plântulas mortas. Avaliou-se também a altura de plantas e os comprimentos das lesões externa e interna da haste. A relação das cultivares em ordem crescente de porcentagem de plantas mortas foi CAC-1 (47%), Monarca (60%), MG/BR 46 (Conquista) (61%), IAS-5 (64%), FT-Cristalina (84%), FT-Cometa (86%) e FT-Estrela (90%). Em folhas destacadas, inicialmente, o patógeno infectou tecidos das regiões próximas ao pecíolo, porém este método não foi adequado na caracterização dos materiais, uma vez que ocorre senescência precoce das folhas.

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Studies on sunflower rust. V. Culture of Puccinia helianthi throughout its complete life cycle on detached leaves of sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Diseases of Edible Oilseed Crops

Diseases of Edible Oilseed Crops

INHERITANCE OF SPORE COLOUR IN PUCCINIA HELIANTHI

Estudo de métodos de inoculação para a avaliação de cultivares de soja a Fusarium tucumaniae

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